Appeal No. 97-0925 Page 8
Application No. 08/328,159
To support a rejection of a claim under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b),
it must be shown that each element of the claim is found, either
expressly described or under principles of inherency, in a single
prior art reference. See Kalman v. Kimberly-Clark Corp., 713
F.2d 760, 772, 218 USPQ 781, 789 (Fed. Cir. 1983), cert. denied,
465 U.S. 1026 (1984).
Claim 1 is directed to an umbrella whose cover in the open
mode assumes a cylindrical shape with a hemispherically shaped
top. Claim 9 is directed to an umbrella which, when in the open
mode, assumes a shape wherein the lowermost portion is cylin-
drical and the uppermost portion is hemispherical or dome-shaped.
Rowsey discloses a portable planetarium having the shape,
structure, and utility of an extended umbrella while serving the
dual and more important function of being an educational tool
usable to ascertain the location of planets and stars throughout
the year. The planetarium includes a frame having a
configuration defined by a frustrum of a cone with a
substantially hemispherical cap attached thereon. A pole is
aligned with the center axis of the frustrum of the cone and
extends through the top of the hemispherical cap, with the
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