Ex parte OGINO et al. - Page 8




          Appeal No. 1997-1513                                                        
          Application No. 08/249,736                                                  


          inherently limited to polarizing films having all of the above              
          capabilities.  However, none of these objects or features are               
          expressly set forth in any appealed claim, and we will not                  
          construe the claims as so limited.  It has been consistently                
          held that no limitation of the specification should be read                 
          into a claim where no express statement of the limitation is                
          included in the claim.  In re Prater, 415 F.2d 1393, 1404-05,               
          162 USPQ 541, 550-51 (CCPA 1969).       Appellants further argue            
          that since Ogino does not disclose the specific combination of              
          dye groups required by the claimed invention, Ogino cannot                  
          make the presently claimed invention prima facie obvious.                   
          However, even assuming that Ogino did not expressly disclose                
          that two or more dye compounds from his formula (I) dyes could              
          be combined in his invention, it would have been prima facie                
          obvious to combine the dyes in the manner claimed by                        
          appellants (i.e., the combination of dyes of formula group I,               
          group [A], and group [B]) because it is prima facie obvious to              
          combine two or more components or two or more compositions                  
          each of which is taught by the prior art to be individually                 
          useful for the same purpose to form a third composition which               
          is to be used for the very same purpose.  In re Susi, 440 F.2d              
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