Ex parte GIBBONS et al. - Page 7




          Appeal No. 1997-3301                                                        
          Application No. 08/159,879                                                  


          examiner.  See Brief, p. 13.  We agree.  First, the examiner                
          has failed to establish why one having an ordinary level of                 
          skill in the art would have substituted the metallized glass                
          tubes of the Trotta chopper with the fresnel based diffusion                
          screens of Ohtaka and Suzuki.  Despite the fact that Trotta,                
          Ohtaka and Suzuki are directed to diffusers in general, based               
          on the record before us, the combined teachings of Trotta,                  
          Ohtaka and Suzuki fail to suggest the modification proposed by              
          the examiner.                                                               
               The examiner has further failed to establish why one                   
          having an ordinary level of skill in the art would have used a              
          method for producing optical disks as disclosed in Isono to                 
          produce a diffusion screen as disclosed in Ohtaka and Suzuki.               
          On this record, it is unclear how any "improvements" of the                 
          Isono method over the "prior art methods" relate to the                     
          processes of Ohtaka and Suzuki.  See In re Gordon, 733 F.2d                 
          900, 902, 221 USPQ 1125, 1127 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ("The mere fact              
          that the prior art could be so modified would not have made                 
          the modification obvious unless the prior art suggested the                 
          desirability of the modification."); see also In re Gorman,                 
          933 F.2d 982, 986-87, 18 USPQ2d 1885, 1888 (Fed. Cir. 1991)                 
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