Ex parte MASAKI et al. - Page 9




          Appeal No. 1998-0146                                                        
          Application 08/407,058                                                      

          to combine two compositions each of which is taught by the                  
          prior art to be useful for the same purpose, in order to                    
          form a third composition which is to be used for the very                   
          same purpose. . . .  [T]he idea of combining them flows                     
          logically from their having been individually taught in the                 
          prior art.").                                                               
               Appellants argue that Sugano teaches away from the                     
          proposed combination because one of the objectives of Sugano                
          is to provide a cleaning method and device that does not                    
          require special software and the modification of Yamamoto                   
          would require software to command the lens to move up and                   
          down, incurring additional expense (Br13; Br18).                            
               The Examiner responds that the argument is unpersuasive                
          because the appealed claims are not directed to specific                    
          software control steps (EA8).  Appellants argue that this                   
          reasoning is improper (RBr2-5).  The Examiner further states                
          that "Sugano et al is relied upon only to show that moving                  
          the objective lens toward and away from the cleaning disk is                
          known in the prior art and one having ordinary skill would                  
          have realized the advantages of having such movement and                    



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