Ex parte HALVORSON et al. - Page 4




          Appeal No. 2001-1541                                       Page 4           
          Application No. 09/094,297                                                  


          The anticipation rejection                                                  
               We will not sustain the rejection of claims 1, 3 and 9                 
          under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b).                                                   


               To support a rejection of a claim under 35 U.S.C. §                    
          102(b), it must be shown that each element of the claim is                  
          found, either expressly described or under principles of                    
          inherency, in a single prior art reference.  See Kalman v.                  
          Kimberly-Clark Corp., 713 F.2d 760, 772, 218 USPQ 781, 789                  
          (Fed. Cir. 1983), cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1026 (1984).                       


               Claims 1 and 9 read as follows:                                        
               1.   An apparatus for providing information on rail                    
               vehicle positions comprising in operative combination:                 
                    a first rail vehicle wheel truck pivotally coupled                
               to said rail vehicle;                                                  
                    a first distance sensor associated with said rail                 
               vehicle and said truck, said first distance sensor                     
               measuring a horizontal distance from a side portion of                 
               said truck to a facing side portion of said rail vehicle               
               and generating rotation signals in response to said                    
               measured horizontal distance; and                                      
                    a rotation signal processor for receiving said                    
               rotation signals and determining from said rotation                    
               signals horizontal rotation directions and rotation                    
               magnitudes of said truck with respect to said rail                     
               vehicle.                                                               









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