Ex parte KULWICKI - Page 4




                 Appeal No. 1997-3335                                                                                    Page 4                   
                 Application No. 08/315,454                                                                                                       


                                                                  OPINION                                                                         

                         We have reviewed the respective positions presented by Appellants and the Examiner.  In so                               

                 doing, we find ourselves in agreement with Appellants that the applied prior art fails to establish a                            

                 prima facie case of obviousness of the claimed subject matter.  Accordingly, we reverse the                                      

                 Examiner's rejection for essentially those reasons advanced by Appellants, and we add the following                              

                 primarily for emphasis.                                                                                                          

                         “A critical step in analyzing the patentability of claims pursuant to section 103(a) is casting the                      

                 mind back to the time of invention, to consider the thinking of one of ordinary skill in the art, guided                         

                 only by the prior art references and the then-accepted wisdom in the field.”  In re Kotzab, 217 F.3d                             

                 1365, 1369-70, 55 USPQ2d 1313, 1316-17 (Fed. Cir. 2000).  “The invention must be viewed not                                      

                 with the blueprint drawn by the inventor, but in the state of the art that existed at the time.”  In re                          

                 Dembiczak, 175 F.3d 994, 999, 50 USPQ2d 1614, 1617 (Fed. Cir. 1999)(quoting Interconnect                                         

                 Planning Corp. v. Feil, 774 F.2d 1132, 1138, 227 USPQ 543, 547 (Fed. Cir. 1985).  To establish a                                 

                 prima facie case of obviousness, “there must be some teaching, suggestion or motivation in the prior                             

                 art to make the specific combination that was made by the applicant.”  In re Dance, 160 F.3d 1339,                               

                 1343, 48 USPQ2d 1635, 1637 (Fed. Cir. 1998).  “In other words, the examiner must show reasons                                    

                 that the skilled artisan, confronted with the same problems as the inventor and with no knowledge of the                         











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