Ex Parte EDWARDS et al - Page 7




          Appeal No. 1998-1870                                                        
          Application No. 08/447,063                                                  


          (polyvinylalcohol), and containing agrochemicals, is the fact of            
          defects (e.g. bubbles) that may be present in film which can lead           
          to weaknesses and become a source of leakage through pinholes at            
          the point of the defect.                                                    


               Faced with a film packaging problem due to film defects as             
          above, we are convinced that an inventor would have been not only           
          motivated to, but expected to, look to available film packaging             
          knowledge for a solution to the film defect problem.  Thus, it is           
          our view that the Chikaishi reference would have been uncovered             
          since it pertains to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films used in                  
          packaging various goods (pages 1 and 2).  More specifically, this           
          document teaches laminating two or more sheets of PVA film (page            
          6) and expressly reveals the knowledge in the art of solving the            
          problem of film pinholes since, as explained in the document                
          (page 6),                                                                   


               [i]f any small bubbles were present in one layer of the                
               laminated film, such bubbles may be compensated by the                 













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