Ex parte ASHE et al. - Page 5




          Appeal No. 1998-3134                                       Page 5           
          Application No. 08/437,225                                                  


                                       OPINION                                        
               In deciding this appeal, we considered the subject matter              
          on appeal and the rejections by the examiner.  Furthermore, we              
          duly considered the arguments and evidence of the appellants                
          and examiner.  After considering the record, we are persuaded               
          that the examiner erred in rejecting claims 1-13.                           
          Accordingly, we reverse.                                                    




               We begin by noting the following principles from Rowe v.               
          Dror, 112 F.3d 473, 478, 42 USPQ2d 1550, 1553 (Fed. Cir.                    
          1997).                                                                      
               A prior art reference anticipates a claim only if                      
               the reference discloses, either expressly or                           
               inherently, every limitation of the claim.  See                        
               Verdegaal Bros., Inc. v. Union Oil Co., 814 F.2d                       
               628, 631, 2 USPQ2d 1051, 1053 (Fed. Cir. 1987).                        
               "[A]bsence from the reference of any claimed element                   
               negates anticipation."  Kloster Speedsteel AB v.                       
               Crucible, Inc., 793 F.2d 1565, 1571, 230 USPQ 81, 84                   
               (Fed. Cir. 1986).                                                      
          We also note the following principles from In re Rijckaert,                 
          9 F.3d 1531, 1532, 28 USPQ2d 1955, 1956 (Fed. Cir. 1993).                   
               In rejecting claims under 35 U.S.C. Section 103, the                   
               examiner bears the initial burden of presenting a                      
               prima facie case of obviousness.  In re Oetiker, 977                   







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