Ex Parte LEMELSON et al - Page 10



          Appeal No. 2000-1511                                                        
          Application 08/671,853                                                      

          These showings by the examiner are an essential part of complying           
          with the burden of presenting a prima facie case of obviousness.            
          Note In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444               
          (Fed. Cir. 1992).  If that burden is met, the burden then shifts            
          to the applicant to overcome the prima facie case with argument             
          and/or evidence.  Obviousness is then determined on the basis of            
          the evidence as a whole and the relative persuasiveness of the              
          arguments.  See Id.; In re Hedges, 783 F.2d 1038, 1039, 228 USPQ            
          685, 686 (Fed. Cir. 1986); In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468, 1472,             
          223 USPQ 785, 788 (Fed. Cir. 1984); and In re Rinehart, 531 F.2d            
          1048, 1052, 189 USPQ 143, 147 (CCPA 1976).  Only those arguments            
          actually made by appellants have been considered in this                    
          decision.  Arguments which appellants could have made but chose             
          not to make in the brief have not been considered and are deemed            
          to be waived by appellants [see 37 CFR § 1.192(a)].                         
          With respect to the rejection based on Butsuen and                          
          Ishikawa, the examiner basically finds that Butsuen teaches the             
          claimed invention except for the use of fuzzy logic inference               
          rules to determine the combination of steering and acceleration             
          to attempt to avoid a collision.  The examiner cites Ishikawa as            
          teaching fuzzy logic inference rules to control the steering and            
          acceleration of a vehicle.  The examiner finds that it would have           
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