Appeal No. 2001-0300 Application 08/819,527 uniform. The limitations do not specify anything special about the pitch. In particular, nothing in these limitations recites the pitch leaving a gap and nothing precludes the wires in each turn being placed against a preceding turn. More than one pass (a multiple-wound coil) is only indirectly recited by "a wire wound . . . in passes in opposite directions." Although we find the limitations discussed above to be inherent in a linear coils, we have a problem with the examiner's application of Steen. Steen, because it is a toroidal coil, will necessarily have the wires of each turn spaced further apart at the outside radius of the coil than at the inside radius. This means that the pitch is different at the outside radius than the inside radius; thus, the pitch is not "constant" as claimed, except perhaps when measured at a fixed diameter. Nevertheless, we do not decide the case on this basis. The "wherein" clause here is similar to a "whereby" clause which indicates that the structure or elements previously enumerated will necessarily give the result which follows the term "whereby," in which case no further structural limitations are implied. See Texas Instruments, Inc. v. United States Int'l Trade Comm'n, 988 F.2d 1165, 1172, 26 USPQ2d 1018, 1023 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ("A 'whereby' clause that merely states the result of the limitations in the claim adds nothing to the patentability or substance of the claim."). With a linear coil there would be - 5 -Page: Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NextLast modified: November 3, 2007