Appeal No. 2002-2209 Page 2
Application No. 08/137,168
(d) pooling said blood from each host; and
(e) obtaining the IgG, F(ab0)2 fragment, or Fab fragment populations from said
pool of blood.
Claim 39 is representative of the allowed claims and reads as follows:
39. An isolated snake antivenom comprising a mixture of four different
monospecific IgG, F(ab0)2 fragment, or Fab fragment populations each of which is
obtained from different ovine antisera, wherein each of said antisera is separately raised
to a different snake venom, and wherein said snake venom is selected from a group
consisting of A. piscivorus, C. adamanteus, C. atrox, and C. scutulatus.
The references relied upon by the examiner are:
Carroll 5,196,193 Mar. 23, 1993
Russell et al. (Russell), “Preparation of a New Antivenin by Affinity Chromatography,”
American J. Trop. Med. Hyg., Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 141-150 (1985)
Berkow et al. (Berkow), “Venomous Bites and Stings,” The Merck Manual, Ch. 290, pp.
2565-2571 (15th ed., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 1987)
Goding et al. (Goding), “Generation of Conventional Antibodies,” Monoclonal
Antibodies: Principles and Practice, Ch. 8, pp. 250-261 (Academic Press Inc., Orlando,
FL 1983)
Dos Santos et al. (Dos Santos), “Purification of F(ab0)2 Anti-Snake Venom by Caprylic
Acid: A Fast Method for Obtaining IgG Fragments With High Neutralization Activity,
Purity and Yield,” Toxicon, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 297-303 (1989)
References relied upon by appellant are:
Theakston et al. (Theakston), “Therapeutic Antibodies to Snake Venoms,” Therapeutic
Antibodies, Ch. 6, pp. 109-133 (Springer-Verlag London Limited 1995)
Christensen, “The Preparation and Purification of Antivenoms,” Mem. Inst. Butantan
Simp. Internc., Vol. 33, No. 2, 245-250 (1966)
Claims 23, 25 through 30, 32 through 38, and 42 through 44 stand rejected under
35 U.S.C. § 103(a). As evidence of obviousness, the examiner relies upon Carroll,
Russell, and Berkow. Claims 24 and 31 stand rejected under 35 U.S.C. § 103(a). As
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