Appeal No. 2003-0191
Application 09/155,278
transmit signals (TX1, TX2) from a transmit source (col. 16,
lines 61-64). In response to these transmit signals,
polarization control module 81 outputs transmit signals to
duplexers 80 and 82 (col. 17, lines 1-3). The duplexers output
transmit signals to an antenna (10) which can transmit and
receive electromagnetic signals and which includes radiating
elements (12a and 12b) exhibiting dual polarization states
(col. 10, lines 10-15; col. 16, lines 53-55; figure 10).
Duplexers 80 and 82 also output signals received from the antenna
to a second polarization control module (83) which outputs
receive signals RX1 and RX2 (col. 17, lines 3-6). “The
polarization control modules 81 and 83 can be implemented by a
0º/90º-type hybrid coupler, commonly described as a quadrature
hybrid coupler” (col. 17, lines 8-11). The four ports of
duplexers 80 and 82 can be combined to provide desired pairs of
transmit and receive signals (col. 17, lines 6-8).
The examiner argues that Runyon’s duplexers 80 and 82 are
hybrid transmission polarization couplers (answer, page 3). A
hybrid coupler in an antenna system is a hybrid junction used as
a directional coupler, a hybrid junction being a waveguide or a
transmission line arranged such that there are four ports, each
port being terminated in its characteristic impedance, with
4
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