Appeal No. 2005-1629
Application No. 10/001,256
composition can be normally inhibited by the use of a penetrant,
[but] the ink composition of the present invention can do [this
inhibition] by the alginate incorporated therein” (col. 4, ll. 8-
29). Sano further teaches the disadvantage of the alginate,
which must be remedied by adding a liquid wetting agent (col. 5,
ll. 28-36). Finally, Sano teaches that penetrating agents were
used before in certain critical concentrations to attain enhanced
penetrating power that lessens color bleeding, but with the use
of alginates it is not necessary that the penetrating power be
raised as high as for conventional ink compositions (col. 7, ll.
21-36). Thereafter, Sano teaches the many well-known penetrating
agents useful in the art (col. 7, l. 37-col. 9, l. 4),
specifically disclosing acetylene glycol surfactants (col. 8,
formula (V)), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (col. 8, l. 53;
this is the same surfactant/penetrant exemplified by JP ‘525),
the preferred triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (col. 8, ll. 55-
57), as well as the most preferred combination of acetylene
glycols and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (col. 8, l. 62-
col. 9, l. 4; see also Example 6). Accordingly, we determine
that one of ordinary skill in this art would have been motivated
to use any well known penetrating agent, as taught by Sano, in
place of the common penetrant diethylene glycol monobutyl ether
7
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