Appeal No. 2006-0277
Application No. 10/234,305
In rejecting claims under 35 U.S.C. §103, it is incumbent upon
the examiner to establish a factual basis to support the legal
conclusion of obviousness. See In re Fine, 837 F.2d 1071, 1073, 5
USPQ2d 1596, 1598 (Fed. Cir. 1988). In so doing, the examiner is
expected to make the factual determinations set forth in Graham v,
John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 148 USPQ 459, 467 (1966), and to
provide a reason why one having ordinary skill in the pertinent art
would have been led to modify the prior art or to combine prior art
references to arrive at the claimed invention. Such reason must
stem from some teachings, suggestions or implications in the prior
art as a whole or knowledge generally available to one having
ordinary skill in the art. Uniroyal, Inc. v. Rudkin-Wiley Corp.,
837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 USPQ2d 1434, 1438 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied,
488 U.S. 825 (1988); Ashland Oil, Inc. v. Delta Resins &
Refractories, Inc. , 776 F.2d 281, 293, 227 USPQ 657, 664 (Fed.
Cir. 1985), cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1017 (1986); ACS Hosp. Sys.,
Inc. v. Montefiore Hosp., 732 F.2d 1572, 1577, 221 USPQ 929, 933
(Fed. Cir. 1984). These showings by the examiner are an essential
part of complying with the burden of presenting a prima facie case
of obviousness. Note In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d
1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992). If that burden is met, the burden
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