Appeal No. 2006-0547
Application No. 10/276,568
Verdegaal Bros., Inc. v. Union Oil Co., 814 F.2d 628, 631, 2 USPQ2d 1051, 1053
(Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 827 (1987). The inquiry as to whether a reference
anticipates a claim must focus on what subject matter is encompassed by the claim and
what subject matter is described by the reference. As set forth by the court in Kalman
v. Kimberly-Clark Corp., 713 F.2d 760, 772, 218 USPQ 781, 789 (Fed. Cir. 1983),
cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1026 (1984), it is only necessary for the claims to "'read on'
something disclosed in the reference, i.e., all limitations of the claim are found in the
reference, or 'fully met' by it." While all elements of the claimed invention must appear
in a single reference, additional references may be used to interpret the anticipating
reference and to shed light on its meaning, particularly to those skilled in the art at the
relevant time. See Studiengesellschaft Kohle v. Dart Indus., Inc., 726 F.2d 724,
726-727, 220 USPQ 841, 842-843 (Fed. Cir. 1984).
To support a rejection of a claim under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b), it must be shown that
each element of the claim is found, either expressly described or under principles of
inherency, in a single prior art reference. See Kalman v. Kimberly-Clark Corp.,
713 F.2d at 772, 218 USPQ at 789.
Initially we note that anticipation by a prior art reference does not require either
the inventive concept of the claimed subject matter or the recognition of inherent
properties that may be possessed by the prior art reference. See Verdegaal Bros.,
Inc. v. Union Oil Co., 814 F.2d at 633, 2 USPQ2d at 1054. A prior art reference
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