Ex Parte Nanda - Page 6



         Appeal No. 2006-2029                                                       
         Application No. 10/351,104                                                 

         point, we are confident that it would have been obvious for one            
         of ordinary skill in the art to include such a timing element in           
         the toothbrush of Salmon.  Appellant’s specification, at page 1,           
         states that “there is a need for indicating an increment of time           
         in which a user is brushing their teeth.”  To the extent that              
         such a need was known in the art, we find that Robinson evidences          
         the obviousness of employing the claimed timing element to                 
         satisfy the need.  In our view, both the problem and its solution          
         would have been readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the           
         art.  In re Ludwig, 353 F.2d 241, 243-44, 147 USPQ 420, 421 (CCPA          
         1965).                                                                     
              As a final point, we note that appellant bases no argument            
         upon objective evidence of nonobviousness, such as unexpected              
         results, which would serve to rebut the prima facie case of                
         obviousness established by the examiner.                                   









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