Appeal 2006-2507
Application 10/106,473
The claims are directed to aggregation and coalescence processes for
the preparation of toner compositions containing magnetite. Claims 23 and
39 are illustrative of the invention and are reproduced below:
23. A process for the preparation of toner comprising
preparing a blend by mixing a latex emulsion, a wax dispersion, and a
colorant dispersion comprising an acicular magnetite dispersion and a
carbon black dispersion; adding to the blend a coagulant to initiate
aggregation; and heating the aggregate, wherein said heating comprises a
first heating and a second heating wherein the first heating temperature is
below about the glass transition temperature of a polymer contained in the
latex emulsion, and the second heating is at a temperature above about the
glass transition temperature of the polymer contained in the latex emulsion;
wherein
(i) said acicular magnetite is contained in water, and an anionic
surfactant, or a nonionic surfactant, and said carbon black is contained in
water and an anionic surfactant, or a nonionic surfactant, and wherein said
latex emulsion is comprised of an anionic surfactant, water and resin;
(ii) wherein said colorant dispersion is blended with said latex
emulsion, and thereafter adding a wax dispersion comprised of submicron
wax particles of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 micron in diameter by volume,
which wax is dispersed in an anionic surfactant;
(iii) wherein said coagulant is a polymetal halide to thereby initiates
flocculation or aggregation of said resin latex, said magnetite, said carbon
black, and said wax;
(iv) heating the resulting mixture below about the glass transition
temperature (Tg) of the latex resin to form toner sized aggregates;
(v) adding to the formed toner aggregates a second latex comprised
of resin suspended in an aqueous phase containing an ionic surfactant and
water;
2
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