Appeal 2007-1855
Application 10/815,650
line reproducibility, and fineness of texture” as compared to Comparative
Examples with “only carbon black as the colorant” (id. 8-12 and Tables 1-3).
Machida’s Working Example 3 includes toners (6), (7), and (8) which
have the same composition as Working Example 1 except “the average
particle diameter of the activated carbon was changed to 1.0 µm, 7.5 µm,
and 10 µm,” respectively (id. 12 and Table 3). Machida discloses in Table 3
that toners (1) and (6) with active carbon having average particle sizes
4.5 µm, and 1.0 µm, respectively, exhibited “no occurrence after 50,000
copies” of “fogging,” while toners (7) and (8) with active carbon having
average particle sizes 7.5 µm, and 10.0 µm, respectively, exhibited
“fogging” with “slight occurrence after 40,000 copies” and “occurrence after
10,000 copies,” respectively (id. 12 and Table 3).
Machida discloses “[f]rom Table 3 it can be seen that in toners (1) and
(6), in which an average particle diameter of less than 5 µm was used, the
fogging and filming conditions were good, but in toners (7) and (8), which
used particles greater than 5 µm, fogging and filming occurred,” thus
concluding “the average particle diameter of the activated carbon in the
present invention should be no more than 5 µm” (id. 13).
The written description in the Specification includes the following:
When the volume-based median particle size of the charcoal
powder is larger than 5.6 µm, it is difficult to contain the
charcoal powder in the toner. Also, when the coefficient of
variation exceeds 80%, the state of dispersion of the charcoal
powder in the toner is inhomogeneous. Therefore, when these
requirements are not satisfied, not only the degree of are [sic]
blackness and the covering strength considerably lowered but
also the chargeability is adversely affected, thereby resulting in
the lowering of the image quality.
Id. 3:9-16.
10
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