- 45 -                                         
          88 T.C. at 1131, rejecting claims to reliance on an adviser where           
          there is no showing that relevant advice was given.                         
               Alter also recalled speaking to Winer.  He thought he                  
          remembered that Winer had indicated that end-users had been                 
          scheduled for the machines, but that Winer did not name the end-            
          users.  Alter did not mention having any other conversations with           
          Winer.  Also like Feinstein, Alter accepted at face value all of            
          the representations made in the offering memorandum.  At trial,             
          he was asked what made the Sentinel EPE recycler unique.  He                
          replied:                                                                    
               I believe the representation was that they had a                       
               special fluid cooling process that was not available                   
               elsewhere.  They made the representations that it had a                
               dual set of blades, I believe, rotary blades, exterior                 
               rotary blade[s] as well as the interior blades, that                   
               would crush the plastic material more effectively.                     
          In Provizer v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1992-177, we found that             
          PI's vice president of manufacturing and a developer of PI's                
          prototype recycler, William Strlzelewicz,                                   
               explained that the coolant used in the process was                     
               plain water and not some "trade secret" chemical                       
               compound.  End-users stated that a usual method by                     
               which the water might be "injected" was for a factory                  
               worker to dump it on the heated material. * * *                        
          Among the recycler's component parts were replaceable rotating              
          and stationary cutting blades.                                              
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