Richard C. and Hattie M. Martin - Page 10




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               Generally, a corporation organized for the purpose of carrying         
          on a business activity constitutes a separate taxable entity.  See          
          Moline Properties, Inc. v. Commissioner, 319 U.S. 436 (1943).  A            
          corporation will not be disregarded for Federal tax purposes if it          
          (1) served an intended business function, or (2) engaged in                 
          business.  See id. at 438-439.  However, if the corporate form is           
          a sham or unreal, it will be disregarded.  See  Higgins v. Smith,           
          308 U.S. 473, 477-478 (1940).                                               
               Once the taxpayer has elected to conduct his business affairs          
          in corporate form, the taxpayer must accept any tax disadvantages           
          of that form.  See id. at 477.  A taxpayer is not free to "turn             
          around and disclaim the business form he created in order to                
          realize a loss as his individual loss."  Sangers Home for Chronic           
          Patients, Inc. v. Commissioner, 72 T.C. 105, 116 (1979); see also           
          Barker v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1993-280.                                
               Whether a corporation exists or not is a matter of State law;          
          however, whether the corporate entity (if found to exist) should be         
          disregarded for Federal taxation purposes is a matter of Federal            
          law.  See Stoody v. Commissioner, 66 T.C. 710, 716-717 (1976).              
          Here, it is clear that Cola, Inc. was formed on June 22, 1988, as           
          a distinct corporate entity under California law and it continued           
          to be a valid, legally existing corporate body during the years at          
          issue.  And, for the reasons set forth below, we believe Cola,              







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