Joseph D. Specking, et al. - Page 21




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          Gustafson v. Alloyd Co., 513 U.S. 561, 568 (1995); Brown v.                 
          Gardner, 513 U.S. 115, 118 (1994).                                          
               For this case, the precise question at issue is whether the            
          amendments to old section 931 made by TRA 1986 section 1272(a)              
          were in effect during the years in issue as to residents of                 
          Johnston Island.  To resolve that question, we look first to the            
          statute itself.  Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Natural Res. Def.                   
          Council, Inc., supra.  In particular, we look to TRA 1986                   
          sections 1271, 1272, and 1277.16                                            
               TRA 1986 sections 1271, 1272, and 1277 are encompassed in              
          TRA 1986 Title XII--Foreign Tax Provisions, Subtitle G--Tax                 
          Treatment of Possessions.  TRA 1986 sections 1271 and 1272 are in           
          part I of subtitle G.  Part I specifically addresses the                    
          “Treatment of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana                
          Islands”.  TRA 1986 section 1271, see supra note 12, does not               
          appear in, or make any changes to, the Internal Revenue Code                
          (Code).  Rather, that provision grants Guam, American Samoa, and            



               16TRA 1986 sec. 1273, in pt. I of subtit. G of tit. XII,               
          relates to the treatment of corporations organized in Guam,                 
          American Samoa, and the CNMI.  TRA 1986 secs. 1274 and 1275, in             
          pt. II of subtit. G, relate specifically to the Virgin Islands.             
          TRA 1986 sec. 1276, in pt. III of subtit. G, amends I.R.C. sec.             
          7654.  Pub. L. 99-514, 100 Stat. 2599-2600.  That section relates           
          to the “cover over” of income tax into the Treasury of a                    
          “specified possession” (which for purposes of sec. 7654 is                  
          defined to mean “Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana                 
          Islands, and the Virgin Islands”).  Sec. 7654(b)(2).  None of               
          those provisions are applicable to the issue involved in this               
          case.                                                                       





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