- 21 -                                         
          disclosure statement that stated petitioner was engaged in a                
          trade or business which consisted of:  (1) The extension of loan            
          guaranties in exchange for fees; and (2) making loans in                    
          anticipation of a high rate of return in the form of interest               
          income in respect of those loans.                                           
               On the returns for 1990-93, petitioner claimed the following           
          bad debt deductions, relating to his loans to WMG, on his                   
          Schedules C for those respective tax years:                                 
                    Tax Year                 WMG                                      
                   1990                       $2,741,053                             
                    1991                437,614                                       
                    1992                          887,610                             
          1993                            9,112                                       
                                                                                     
          In the notices of deficiency issued to petitioner(s), respondent            
          determined that petitioner’s lending and financing activities for           
          1990-95 did not constitute a trade or business.  Respondent                 
          determined that the bad debt amounts should have been reported as           
          nonbusiness bad debts on Schedule D, Capital Gains and Losses, of           
          petitioner’s returns for those years.17                                     
               17Petitioner filed Forms 1045, Application for Tentative               
          Refund, in which he sought to carry back net operating losses               
          from 1990, 1991, and 1992, to 1989.  Each of those claimed                  
          carrybacks was disallowed by respondent in the notice of                    
          deficiency for 1989.  Petitioners filed a Form 1040X, Amended               
          U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, for 1992 in which they claimed           
          an additional net operating loss, and petitioner filed a Form               
          1040X for 1989 in which he claimed a net operating loss carryback           
          from 1992.  Respondent did not allow those claims, and he did not           
          include them in the notices of deficiency for 1989 and 1992.                
          Petitioner also claims that he incurred a net Schedule C loss of            
          $260,388 for 1993 attributable to a lending/financing business              
                                                             (continued...)           
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