Peter J. Tkac - Page 5




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          Are Petitioner’s Claimed Costs Reasonable?                                  
               The first category of costs we consider is petitioner’s                
          claim for his time (at $25 per hour) for his preparation and                
          participation in the administrative and litigation proceedings.             
          Petitioner’s allowable costs include only those expenses                    
          actually “paid or incurred”, and “lost opportunity costs” may               
          not be recovered.  United States v. McPherson, 840 F.2d 244, 245            
          (4th Cir. 1988); Frisch v. Commissioner, 87 T.C. 838, 846                   
          (1986).  Accordingly, petitioner is not entitled to recover the             
          $3,000 portion of his claim attributable to the time he spent               
          engaged in the administrative proceeding and this litigation.               
               With the exception of petitioner’s $60 petition filing fee,            
          respondent contends that the remaining amounts petitioner                   
          claimed are not recoverable because petitioner failed to                    
          establish that he paid those costs or incurred them in pursuit              
          of the administrative proceeding or the litigation.  We consider            
          each part of the $555 portion of petitioner’s claim separately.             
               Petitioner claims $200 for “Professional Legal assistance              
          from lawyer (2 hours @ $100 per hour)”.  Petitioner is pro se               
          and has not presented any detail regarding the billing of the               
          alleged legal services.  If petitioner had been represented in              
          this case, his attorney’s detailed billing records would have               
          been a prerequisite to the allowance of an award for the                    
          attorney’s fees.  We cannot permit a lesser standard for the                






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