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occupying dwelling units within the SCD. The Gibsons did not
satisfy the restriction.
In 1992, the Sun City Civic Association reported the
Gibsons’ restriction violation to county code enforcement
authorities (CCE authorities). The CCE authorities contacted the
Gibsons several times with regard to the restriction. On the
first occasion, CCE authorities served notice on the Gibsons
informing them of the restriction and that they were in violation
of the restriction. Later, CCE authorities issued the Gibsons a
citation stating that they should comply immediately with the
restriction by restricting the occupancy of the home to persons
satisfying the restriction. CCE authorities advised the Gibsons
that continued violation of the restriction might result in fines
and imprisonment. Also, CCE authorities issued petitioner a
notice to appear in court, alleging a criminal violation of the
ordinance that imposed the restriction. The county later dropped
the charge, and petitioner did not have to appear in court.
Other Sun City residents harassed and physically and
verbally threatened the Gibsons because of their violation of the
restriction.
In May 1994, the Gibsons and other plaintiffs initiated a
class action lawsuit against the county and certain other county
officials in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of
California. In the class’s first amended complaint, the class
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