- 17 - because return preparer had signed return); Estate of Killian v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1987-365 (spouse took reasonable steps to determine the accuracy of the return by questioning husband about sham losses, who assured her that the losses were due to an investment recommended by a C.P.A. who prepared the return). The factors established in Price v. Commissioner, supra, as to whether the electing spouse had reason to know or a duty to inquire include the spouse’s level of education, the spouse’s involvement in family financial affairs, the evasiveness or deceit of the culpable spouse, and any unusual or lavish expenditures inconsistent with the family’s ordinary standard of living. Erdahl v. Commissioner, supra at 591 (quoting Guth v. Commissioner, supra at 444). On the facts before us, we find that petitioner did not know and did not have reason to know of the understatements on the tax returns when she signed them. Petitioner satisfied her duty of inquiry by questioning her husband and receiving strong and repeated assurances from him. All four factors discussed in Price v. Commissioner, supra, weigh in favor of granting petitioner relief. Petitioner had no experience academically or practically regarding business, taxes, or investments and has worked as an elementary school teacher. Petitioner’s involvement in the family financial affairs was limited to paying routine bills out of the joint account. GlennPage: Previous 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 NextLast modified: November 10, 2007