Rhett Rance Smith and Alice Avila Smith, et al. - Page 85




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          available to Rance and LaRhea in this instance.  Accordingly, we            
          hold that Rance and LaRhea were negligent, within the meaning of            
          section 6662, for failure to keep proper books and records and              
          generally for claiming losses from the cutting horse activity.              
          Whether Zane and Shannon Are Liable for a Section 6662 Penalty              
          With Respect to Their Disallowed Schedule F Losses Claimed With             
          Respect to Their Dog breeding activity and Pre-2001 Cow Activity            
               Zane and Shannon claimed Schedule F losses in connection               
          with a dog breeding and showing activity for their 1998, 1999,              
          2000, and 2001 tax years.11  Zane claimed substantial losses from           
          his dog showing, breeding, and judging activity even though                 
          prospects for revenue were limited and/or remote.  He produced no           
          formal books and records.  The expenses were sometimes combined             
          with those involving the cow and dairy farm activity, making it             
          difficult to evaluate the success or progress of the business.              
          With no revenue from the dog breeding activity in any of the                
          years at issue, the size of the tax losses from the activity,               
          combined with the substantial enjoyment Zane derived from his               
          involvement with the dogs, resulted in a situation that has been            




               11 Because Zane was found to be involved in a profit-                  
          motivated activity with respect to his 2001 cow and dairy farm              
          activity, no underpayment results and there is no need to                   
          consider the parties’ arguments with respect to the sec. 6662               
          penalty regarding that activity.  To the extent that an                     
          underpayment is attributable to the cow and dairy farm activity             
          claimed on the Schedule F for 1998, 1999, or 2000, it is                    
          considered in conjunction with the substantially dominant dog               
          breeding activity.                                                          





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