United States v. Navajo Nation, 537 U.S. 488, 34 (2003)

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Cite as: 537 U. S. 488 (2003)

Souter, J., dissenting

All of this is not to say that the Tribe would end up with a recovery at the end of the day. Disputed facts have not been tried; the negotiations affected not only the 1964 lease that was subject to adjustment on demand, but also other leases apparently not subject to the same option for the Tribe's benefit; and the renegotiated terms affected lease provisions other than royalties (including tax terms). For all we can say now, the net of all these changes may have been an overall bargain in the Tribe's interest, despite the smaller royalty figure in the lease as approved. But the only issue here is whether the Tribe's claims address one or more specific statutory obligations, as in Mitchell II, at the level of fiduciary duty whose breach is compensable in damages. The Tribe has pleaded such duty, the record shows that the Tribe has a case to try, and I respectfully dissent.

would have had to reject the rate on the merits. More importantly, the gravamen of the Tribe's claim is not that it is entitled to the 20 percent rate adjustment under the lease. Rather, it is that the Secretary's actions in deceiving the Tribe about the status of Peabody's appeal skewed the subsequent bargaining process, and the resulting royalty rate, in Peabody's favor. On that issue, whether the Secretary might have ultimately favored Peabody's appeal, while perhaps a subject of relevant evidence, is not dispositive.

521

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