Code of Virginia - Title 8.01 Civil Remedies And Procedure - Chapter 3 Actions

8.01-25 Survival of causes of action
Every cause of action whether legal or equitable, which is cognizable in the Commonwealth of Virginia, shall survive either the death of the person against ...
8.01-26 Assignment of causes of action
Only those causes of action for damage to real or personal property, whether such damage be direct or indirect, and causes of action ex contractu ...
8.01-27 Civil action on note or writing promising to pay money
A civil action may be maintained upon any note or writing by which there is a promise, undertaking, or obligation to pay money, if the ...
8.01-27.1 Additional recovery in certain civil actions concerning checks
A. Except as otherwise provided in Chapter 13 (§ 55-217 et seq.) or Chapter 13.2 (§ 55-248.2 et seq.) of Title 55, in any civil ...
8.01-27.2 Civil recovery for giving bad check
Except as otherwise provided in Chapter 13 (§ 55-217 et seq.) or Chapter 13.2 (§ 55-248.2 et seq.) of Title 55, in the event a ...
8.01-27.3 Evidence in actions regarding issuance of bad check
In any civil action growing out of an arrest under § 18.2-181 or § 18.2-182, no evidence of statements or representations as to the status ...
8.01-27.4 Civil recovery for professional services
In the event any insured or enrollee of an accident and sickness insurance policy, health services plan or health maintenance organization receives payment from the ...
8.01-28 When judgment to be given in action upon contract or note unless defendant appears and denies clai...
In any action at law on a note or contract, express or implied, for the payment of money, or unlawful detainer pursuant to § 55-225 ...
8.01-29 Procedure in actions on annuity and installment bonds, and other actions for penalties for nonperfo...
In an action on an annuity bond, or a bond for money payable by installments, when there are further payments of the annuity, or further ...
8.01-30 Procedure in actions on contracts made by several persons
Upon all contracts hereafter made by more than one person, whether joint only or joint and several, an action may be maintained and judgment rendered ...
8.01-31 Accounting in equity
An accounting in equity may be had against any fiduciary or by one joint tenant, tenant in common, or coparcener for receiving more than comes ...
8.01-32 Action on lost evidences of debt
A. A civil action may be maintained on any past-due lost bond, note, contract, open account agreement, or other written evidence of debt, provided the ...
8.01-33 Equitable relief in certain cases
A court shall not grant equitable relief in a suit upon a bond, note, or writing, by an assignee or holder thereof, unless it appears ...
8.01-34 When contribution among wrongdoers enforced
Contribution among wrongdoers may be enforced when the wrong results from negligence and involves no moral turpitude. (Code 1950, § 8-627; 1977, c. 617.) ...
8.01-35 Damages for loss of income not diminished by reimbursement
In any suit brought for personal injury or death, provable damages for loss of income due to such injury or death shall not be diminished ...
8.01-35.1 Effect of release or covenant not to sue in respect to liability and contribution
A. When a release or a covenant not to sue is given in good faith to one of two or more persons liable for the ...
8.01-36 Joinder of action of tort to infant with action for recovery of expenses incurred thereby
Where there is pending any action by an infant plaintiff against a tort-feasor for a personal injury, any parent, or guardian of such infant, who ...
8.01-37 Recovery of lost wages in action for injuries to emancipated infant
In any suit for personal injuries brought on behalf of an emancipated infant, when such infant has sustained lost wages as a result of such ...
8.01-37.1 Claims for medical services provided by United States; proof of reasonable value
Whenever any person sustains personal injuries caused by the alleged negligence of another, and a claim against any person alleged to be liable is created ...
8.01-38 Tort liability of hospitals
Hospital as referred to in this section shall include any institution within the definition of hospital in § 32.1-123. No hospital, as defined in this ...
8.01-38.1 Limitation on recovery of punitive damages
In any action accruing on or after July 1, 1988, including an action for medical malpractice under Chapter 21.1 (§ 8.01-581.1 et seq.), the total ...
8.01-39 Completion or acceptance of work not bar to action against independent contractor for personal inju...
In any civil action in which it is alleged that personal injury, death by wrongful act or damage to property has resulted from the negligence ...
8.01-40 Unauthorized use of name or picture of any person; exemplary damages; statute of limitation...
A. Any person whose name, portrait, or picture is used without having first obtained the written consent of such person, or if dead, of the ...
8.01-40.1 Action for injury resulting from violation of Computer Crimes Act; limitations
Any person whose property or person is injured by reason of a violation of the provisions of the Virginia Computer Crimes Act (§ 18.2-152.1 et ...
8.01-40.2 Unsolicited transmission of advertising materials by facsimile machine
A. Any person aggrieved by the intentional electronic or telephonic transmission to a facsimile device of unsolicited advertising material may bring an action against the ...
8.01-41 Wrongful distraint, attachment
If property be distrained for any rent not due, or attached for any rent not accruing, or taken under any attachment sued out without good ...
8.01-42 Loss or injury to clothing in dyeing, dry cleaning, or laundering
No person engaged in the business of dyeing, dry cleaning, or laundering wearing apparel, cloth or other articles, shall be liable, or in any action ...
8.01-42.1 Civil action for racial, religious, or ethnic harassment, violence or vandalism
A. An action for injunctive relief or civil damages, or both, shall lie for any person who is subjected to acts of (i) intimidation or ...
8.01-42.2 Liability of guest for hotel damage
Any registered guest in a hotel, motel, inn or other place offering to the public transitory lodging or sleeping accommodations for compensation shall be civilly ...
8.01-42.3 Civil action for stalking
A. A victim has a civil cause of action against an individual who engaged in conduct that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, whether or not ...
8.01-43 Action against parent for damage to public property by minor
The Commonwealth, acting through the officers having charge of the public property involved, or the governing body of a county, city, town, or other political ...
8.01-44 Action against parent for damage to private property by minor
The owner of any property may institute an action and recover from the parents, or either of them, of any minor living with such parents, ...
8.01-44.1 Immunity from civil liability of members of certain committees, etc
Every member of any committee, board, group, commission, or other entity established pursuant to federal or state law or regulation which functions to authorize, review, ...
8.01-44.2 Action against physician for vaccine-related injury or death
In any case where a person could file or could have filed a petition for compensation pursuant to Subtitle 2 of Title XXI of the ...
8.01-44.3 Divulgence of communications by qualified interpreters and communications assistants
If the content of any communication which is facilitated for compensation in the professional capacity of a qualified interpreter, as defined in § 51.5-113, or ...
8.01-44.4 Action for shoplifting and employee theft
A. A merchant may recover a civil judgment against any adult or emancipated minor who shoplifts from that merchant for two times the unpaid retail ...
8.01-44.5 Exemplary damages for persons injured by intoxicated drivers
In any action for personal injury or death arising from the operation of a motor vehicle, engine or train, the finder of fact may, in ...
8.01-44.6 Action for injury to cemetery property
The owner or operator of a cemetery company may bring an action to recover damages sustained, together with costs and reasonable attorneys' fees, against any ...
8.01-44.7 Action for tampering with metering device and diverting service.
Any provider of services that have been tampered with or diverted in violation of § 18.2-163 may seek both injunctive and equitable relief, and an ...
8.01-45 Action for insulting words
All words shall be actionable which from their usual construction and common acceptance are construed as insults and tend to violence and breach of the ...
8.01-46 Justification and mitigation of damages
In any action for defamation, the defendant may justify by alleging and proving that the words spoken or written were true, and, after notice in ...
8.01-46.1 Disclosure of employment-related information; presumptions; causes of action; definitions
A. Any employer who, upon request by a person's prospective or current employer, furnishes information about that person's professional conduct, reasons for separation or job ...
8.01-47 Immunity of school personnel investigating or reporting certain incidents
In addition to any other immunity he may have, any teacher, instructor, principal, school administrator, school coordinator, guidance counselor or any other professional, administrative or ...
8.01-48 Mitigation in actions against newspapers, etc
In any civil action against the publisher, owner, editor, reporter or employee of any newspaper, magazine or periodical under § 8.01-45, or for libel or ...
8.01-49 Defamatory statements in radio and television broadcasts
The owner, licensee or operator of a radio and television broadcasting station or network of stations, and the agents or employees of any such owner, ...
8.01-49.1 Liability for defamatory material on the Internet
A. No provider or user of an interactive computer service on the Internet shall be treated as the publisher or speaker of any information provided ...
8.01-50 Action for death by wrongful act; how and when to be brought
A. Whenever the death of a person shall be caused by the wrongful act, neglect, or default of any person or corporation, or of any ...
8.01-50.1 Certification of expert witness opinion at time of service of process
Every motion for judgment, counter claim, or third party claim in any action pursuant to § 8.01-50 for wrongful death against a health care provider, ...
8.01-51 No action when deceased has compromised claim
No action shall be maintained by the personal representative of one who, after injury, has compromised for such injury and accepted satisfaction therefor previous to ...
8.01-52 Amount of damages
The jury or the court, as the case may be, in any such action under § 8.01-50 may award such damages as to it may ...
8.01-52.1 Admissibility of expressions of sympathy
In any wrongful death action brought pursuant to § 8.01-50 against a health care provider, or in any arbitration or medical malpractice review panel proceeding ...
8.01-53 Class and beneficiaries; when determined
A. The damages awarded pursuant to § 8.01-52 shall be distributed as specified under § 8.01-54 to (i) the surviving spouse, children of the deceased ...
8.01-54 Judgment to distribute recovery when verdict fails to do so
A. The verdict may and the judgment of the court shall in all cases specify the amount or the proportion to be received by each ...
8.01-55 Compromise of claim for death by wrongful act
The personal representative of the deceased may compromise any claim to damages arising under or by virtue of § 8.01-50, including claims under the provision ...
8.01-56 When right of action not to determine nor action to abate
The right of action under § 8.01-50 shall not determine, nor the action, when brought, abate by the death, dissolution, or other termination of a ...
8.01-57 Liability of railroads for injury to certain employees
Every common carrier by railroad engaged in intrastate commerce shall be liable in damages to any of its employees suffering injury while employed by such ...
8.01-58 Contributory negligence no bar to recovery; violation of safety appliance acts
In all actions brought against any such common carrier to recover damages for personal injuries to any employee or when such injuries have resulted in ...
8.01-59 Assumption of risk; violation of safety appliance acts
In any action brought against any common carrier, under or by virtue of § 8.01-57, to recover damages for injuries to, or death of, any ...
8.01-60 Contracts exempting from liability void; set-off of insurance
Any contract, rule, regulation or device whatsoever the purpose or intent of which shall be to enable any common carrier to exempt itself from any ...
8.01-61 Definition of "common carrier" as used in article
The term "common carrier" as used in §§ 8.01-57 to 8.01-60 shall include the receivers or other persons or corporations charged with the duty of ...
8.01-62 Action may embrace liability under both State and federal acts
The motion for judgment or other pleading in any such action may embrace a cause of action growing out of any statute of the United ...
8.01-63 Liability for death or injury to guest in motor vehicle
Any person transported by the owner or operator of any motor vehicle as a guest without payment for such transportation and any personal representative of ...
8.01-64 Liability for negligence of minor
Every owner of a motor vehicle causing or knowingly permitting a minor under the age of sixteen years who is not permitted under the provisions ...
8.01-65 Defense of lack of consent of owner
It shall be a valid defense to any action brought for the negligent operation of a motor vehicle for the owner of such vehicle to ...
8.01-66 Recovery of damages for loss of use of vehicle
A. Whenever any person is entitled to recover for damage to or destruction of a motor vehicle, he shall, in addition to any other damages ...
8.01-66.1 Remedy for arbitrary refusal of motor vehicle insurance claim
A. Whenever any insurance company licensed in this Commonwealth to write insurance as defined in § 38.2-124 denies, refuses or fails to pay to its ...
8.01-66.2 Lien against person whose negligence causes injury
Whenever any person sustains personal injuries caused by the alleged negligence of another and receives treatment in any hospital, public or private, or nursing home, ...
8.01-66.3 Lien inferior to claim of attorney or personal representative
The lien provided for in § 8.01-66.2 shall be of inferior dignity to the claim or lien of the attorney of such injured person or ...
8.01-66.4 Subrogation
Any municipal corporation or any person, firm or corporation who may pay the charges for which a lien is provided in § 8.01-66.2 shall be ...
8.01-66.5 Written notice required
A. No lien provided for in § 8.01-66.2 or § 8.01-66.9 shall be created or become effective in favor of the Commonwealth, an institution thereof, ...
8.01-66.6 Liability for reasonable charges for services
The notice set forth in subsection A of § 8.01-66.5, when served upon or given to the person, firm or corporation whose negligence is alleged ...
8.01-66.7 Hearing and disposal of claim of unreasonableness
If the injured person questions the reasonableness of the charges made by a hospital, nurse, physician or ambulance service claiming a lien pursuant to § ...
8.01-66.8 Petition to enforce lien
If suit is instituted by an injured person or his personal representative against the person, firm or corporation allegedly causing the person's injuries, a hospital, ...
8.01-66.9 Lien in favor of Commonwealth, its programs, institutions or departments on claim for personal inju...
Whenever any person sustains personal injuries and receives treatment in any hospital, public or private, or nursing home, or receives medical attention or treatment from ...
8.01-66.9:1 Lien against recovery for medical treatment provided to prisoner
In any civil action brought for injuries or death suffered by any person while confined in a state or local correctional facility, the Commonwealth or ...
8.01-66.10 Death claims settled by compromise or suit
In case of personal injuries resulting in death and settlement therefor by compromise or suit under the provisions of §§ 8.01-50 to 8.01-56, the liens ...
8.01-66.11 Necessity for settlement or judgment
Nothing contained in this article shall be construed as imposing liability on any person, firm or corporation whose negligence is alleged to have caused injuries ...
8.01-66.12 Term physician to include chiropractor
Wherever the term physician is used in this article, it shall include chiropractor. (1993, c. 702.) ...
8.01-67 Definitions; persons under a disability; fiduciary
The terms "fiduciary" and "person under a disability" as used in this article shall have the meanings ascribed to them in § 8.01-2. (1977, c. ...
8.01-68 Jurisdiction
Circuit courts in the exercise of their equity jurisdiction, upon being satisfied by competent evidence independent of the admissions in the pleadings or elsewhere in ...
8.01-69 Commencement of suit; parties
Any of the relief specified in this article may be sought by bill in equity filed by a fiduciary, as defined in this article, or ...
8.01-70 , 8.01-71
Repealed by Acts 1990, c. 831, effective January 1, 1991. ...
8.01-72 When death to abate such suit
A suit instituted under this article shall abate by reason of the death of the person under a disability unless a sale, exchange, lease, encumbrance, ...
8.01-73 Guardian ad litem to be appointed
In every suit brought under this article, a guardian ad litem shall be appointed for any person under a disability not otherwise represented by a ...
8.01-74 Leases on behalf of persons under disability; new leases
A. Leases on behalf of persons under a disability. - When a person under a disability is entitled to or bound to renew any lease, ...
8.01-75 Who not to be purchaser
At any sale under this article neither a fiduciary for a person under a disability, as defined under this article, nor the guardian ad litem ...
8.01-76 How proceeds from disposition to be secured and applied; when same may be paid over
The proceeds of sale, or rents, income, or royalties, arising from the sale or lease, or other disposition, of lands of persons under a disability, ...
8.01-77 What proceeds of sale to pass as real estate
The proceeds received under the preceding provisions of this article or under Article 9 (§ 8.01-81 et seq.) of this chapter, from the sale or ...
8.01-78 Alternate procedure for sale of real estate of person under disability
If the personal estate of any person under a disability for whom a fiduciary has been appointed under any of the provisions of Title 37.2, ...
8.01-79 Same; reference of petition to commissioner
On the presenting of such petition it may be referred to a commissioner in chancery or to a special commissioner appointed by the court, to ...
8.01-80 Same; action of court on report; application of proceeds of transaction
If upon the filing of the report and examination of the matter it shall appear to the court to be proper, an order shall be ...
8.01-81 Who may compel partition of land; jurisdiction; validation of certain partitions of mineral right...
Tenants in common, joint tenants, executors with the power to sell, and coparceners of real property, including mineral rights east and south of the Clinch ...
8.01-82 When shares of two or more laid off together
Any two or more of the parties, if they so elect, may have their shares laid off together when partition can be conveniently made in ...
8.01-83 Allotment to one or more parties, or sale, in lieu of partition
When partition cannot be conveniently made, the entire subject may be allotted to any one or more of the parties who will accept it and ...
8.01-84 Application of proceeds of sale to payment of lien
When there are liens on the interest of any party in the subject so sold, the court may, on the petition of any person holding ...
8.01-85 Disposition of share in proceeds of person under disability
The court making an order for sale shall, when the dividend of a party exceeds $2500, if such party be a person under a disability, ...
8.01-86 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1990, c. 831, effective January 1, 1991. ...
8.01-87 Validation of certain partitions prior to act of 1922
All partitions heretofore had, when the proceedings conformed to the law as it existed prior to the amendment of § 5281 of the Code of ...
8.01-88 Decree of partition to vest legal title
A decree heretofore or hereafter made, confirming any partition or allotment in a suit for partition, shall vest in the respective co-owners, between or to ...
8.01-89 When proceeds of sale deemed personal estate
The proceeds of any sale made under § 8.01-83 shall, except as provided in § 8.01-77, be deemed personal estate from the time of the ...
8.01-90 When name or share of parties unknown
If the name or share of any person interested in the subject of the partition be unknown, so much as is known in relation thereto ...
8.01-91 Effect of partition or sale on lessee's rights
Any person who, before the partition or sale, was lessee of any of the lands divided or sold, shall hold the same of him to ...
8.01-92 Allowance of attorneys' fees out of unrepresented shares
In any partition suit when there are unrepresented shares, the court shall allow reasonable fees to the attorney or attorneys bringing the action on account ...
8.01-93 Partition of goods, etc., by sale, if necessary
When an equal division of goods or chattels cannot be made in kind among those entitled, a court of equity may direct the sale of ...
8.01-94 When sold, leased or exchanged
Whenever an interest in property, real or personal, is held by a person, natural or artificial, with remainder or limitation over contingent upon any event, ...
8.01-95 Procedure in such case
The procedure in such suit and the investment of the proceeds of sale shall be in accordance with §§ 8.01-73, 8.01-75 and 8.01-76, so far ...
8.01-96 Decree for sale; how made; bond of commissioner
In decreeing a sale under any provisions of law, the court may provide for the sale of property in any part of the Commonwealth, and ...
8.01-97 Delinquent taxes to be ascertained
In every suit brought in this Commonwealth for the sale of lands for the payment of debts or to subject lands to the payment of ...
8.01-98 Sales of land when purchase price insufficient to pay taxes, etc
In any proceedings for the sale of real estate or to subject real estate to the payment of debts, it appears to the court that ...
8.01-99 Bond required of special commissioner for sale
Except as hereinafter provided, no special commissioner shall advertise the property for sale or renting, or sell or rent the same, until he shall have ...
8.01-100 Liability of clerk for false certificate or failure to give bond
If any clerk make a certificate as to the bond, which is untrue, he and the sureties on his official bond shall be liable to ...
8.01-101 Purchasers relieved of liability for purchase money paid to such commissioner
When the certificate pursuant to the provisions in § 8.01-99 shall have been published with an advertisement of the sale or renting of property, or ...
8.01-102 Purchasers not required to see to application of purchase money
No purchaser or renter at a duly authorized sale or renting made by a receiver, personal representative, trustee, or other fiduciary shall be required to ...
8.01-103 Special commissioner or other person appointed to do so to receive purchase money, etc.; liability ...
The special commissioner, who makes the sale or renting, shall receive and collect all the purchase money or rent, unless some other person be appointed ...
8.01-104 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1978, c. 718. ...
8.01-105 Rule against special commissioner, purchaser, etc., for judgment for amounts due
Any court of this Commonwealth, may, at the instance of any party in interest, award a rule against any special commissioner or receiver appointed by ...
8.01-106 How cause heard upon rule and judgment rendered
Upon the return of a rule executed under § 8.01-105 upon any of the parties thereto, the court may if neither party demand a jury, ...
8.01-107 Trial by jury of issues made upon rule
If, upon the return of such rule, any party thereto demand a trial by jury, the court shall order a trial by jury to ascertain ...
8.01-108 When sureties of commissioner, purchaser, etc., proceeded against by rule
Whenever a special commissioner, a receiver, purchaser at a judicial sale, or his personal representative, or any of them, can be proceeded against by rule ...
8.01-109 Commission for selling, collecting, etc.; each piece of property to constitute separate sal...
For the services of commissioners or officers under any decree for a sale, including the collection and paying over of the proceeds, there may be ...
8.01-110 Appointment of special commissioner to execute deed, etc.; effect of deed
A court in a suit wherein it is proper to decree the execution of any deed or writing may appoint a special commissioner to execute ...
8.01-111 What such deed to show
Every deed executed by any such commissioner pursuant to the provisions of § 8.01-110 shall specifically set out as nearly as practicable the name of ...
8.01-112 Reinstatement of cause to appoint special commissioner to make deed
Any ended cause may be reinstated for the purpose of entering a decree directing a deed to be made to any party clearly shown by ...
8.01-113 When title of purchaser at judicial sale not to be disturbed
If a sale of property is made under a decree of a court, and such sale is confirmed, the title of the purchaser at such ...
8.01-114 When property to be taken by officer; summary of evidence, affidavits and report to be file...
A. A proceeding in detinue to recover personal property unlawfully withheld from the plaintiff may be brought on a warrant or motion for judgment if ...
8.01-115 Bond required as prerequisite
No such order or process, however, shall be issued until a bond, conforming with the requirements of § 8.01-537.1, is posted with the judge or ...
8.01-116 Return of property to defendant or other claimant
A. Subject to the provisions of subsection B below, the defendant in any such proceeding, or any other person claiming title to the property so ...
8.01-117 Exceptions to sufficiency of bonds
Either party may file exceptions to the sufficiency of the bond of the other or of the claimant of the property, if he has given ...
8.01-118 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1986, c. 341. ...
8.01-119 Hearing to review issuance of order or process under { 8.01-114 or to consider request for such o...
A. Within thirty days after the issuance of any ex parte order or process pursuant to § 8.01-114, or promptly upon application of either party, ...
8.01-120 No verdict as to some items; omission of price or value
If in such detinue action, on an issue concerning several things, in one or more counts, no verdict be found for part of them, it ...
8.01-121 Final judgment
When final judgment is rendered on the trial of such detinue proceeding, the court shall dispose of the property or proceeds according to the rights ...
8.01-122 Charges for keeping property
The legal charges, if any, for keeping any such property, while in the possession of the officer, shall be paid by the plaintiff and certified ...
8.01-123 Recovery of damages sustained for property withheld during appeal
When a judgment for specific personal property is affirmed by an appellate court, or an injunction to such judgment is dissolved, the person who is ...
8.01-124 Motion for judgment in circuit court for unlawful entry or detainer
If any forcible or unlawful entry be made upon lands, or if, when the entry is lawful and peaceable, the tenant shall detain the possession ...
8.01-125 When summons returnable to circuit court; jury
When the action is commenced in the circuit court, the summons is returnable thereto and, upon application of either party trial by jury shall be ...
8.01-126 Summons for unlawful detainer issued by magistrate or clerk or judge of a general district cour...
In any case when possession of any house, land or tenement is unlawfully detained by the person in possession thereof, the landlord, his agent, attorney, ...
8.01-127 , 8.01-127.1
Repealed by Acts 2007, c. 869, cl. 2. ...
8.01-128 Verdict and judgment; damages
A. If it appears that the plaintiff was forcibly or unlawfully turned out of possession, or that it was unlawfully detained from him, the verdict ...
8.01-129 Appeal from judgment of general district court
An appeal shall lie from the judgment of a general district court, in any proceeding under this article, to the circuit court in the same ...
8.01-130 Judgment not to bar action of trespass or ejectment
No judgment in an action brought under the provisions of this article shall bar any action of trespass or ejectment between the same parties, nor ...
8.01-131 Action of ejectment retained; when and by whom brought
A. The action of ejectment is retained, subject to the provisions hereinafter contained, and to the applicable Rules of Court. B. Such action may be ...
8.01-132 What interest and right plaintiff must have
No person shall bring such ejectment action unless he has, at the time of commencing it, a subsisting interest in the premises claimed and a ...
8.01-133 Who shall be defendants; when and how landlord may defend
The person actually occupying the premises and any person claiming title thereto or claiming any interest therein adversely to the plaintiff may also, at the ...
8.01-134 How action commenced and prosecuted
The action shall be commenced and prosecuted as other actions at law. The name of the real claimant shall be inserted as plaintiff, and all ...
8.01-135 What is to be stated in motion for judgment
It shall be sufficient for the plaintiff to aver in his motion for judgment that on some day specified therein, which shall be after his ...
8.01-136 How premises described
The premises claimed shall be described in the motion for judgment with convenient certainty, so that, from such description, with the aid of information derived ...
8.01-137 Plaintiff to state how he claims
The plaintiff shall also state whether he claims in fee or for his life, or the life of another, or for years, specifying such lives ...
8.01-138 There may be several counts and several plaintiffs
The motion for judgment may contain several counts, and several parties may be named as plaintiffs jointly in one count and separately in others. (Code ...
8.01-139 What proof by plaintiff is sufficient
The consent rule, formerly used, remains abolished. The plaintiff need not prove an actual entry on, or possession of, the premises demanded, or receipt of ...
8.01-140 Effect of reservation in deed; burden of proof
In any action, suit or other judicial proceeding involving the title to land embraced in the exterior boundaries of any patent, deed or other writing, ...
8.01-141 When action by cotenants, etc., against cotenants, what plaintiff to prove
If the action be by one or more tenants in common, joint tenants or coparceners against their cotenants, the plaintiff shall be bound to prove ...
8.01-142 Verdict when action against several defendants
If the action be against several defendants, and a joint possession of all be proved, and the plaintiff be entitled to a verdict, it shall ...
8.01-143 When there may be several judgments against defendants
If the action be against several defendants, and it appear on the trial that any of them occupy distinct parcels in severalty or jointly, and ...
8.01-144 Recovery of part of premises claimed
The plaintiff may recover any specific or any undivided part or share of the premises, though it be less than he claimed in the motion ...
8.01-145 When possession of part not possession of whole
In a controversy affecting real estate, possession of part shall not be construed as possession of the whole when an actual adverse possession can be ...
8.01-146 When vendee, etc., entitled to conveyance of legal title, vendor cannot recover
A vendor, or any claiming under him, shall not, at law any more than in equity, recover against a vendee, or those claiming under him, ...
8.01-147 When mortgagee or trustee not to recover
The payment of the whole sum, or the performance of the whole duty, or the accomplishment of the whole purpose, which any mortgage or deed ...
8.01-148 Right of defendant to resort to equity not affected
Whether the defendant shall or shall not make or attempt a defense under §§ 8.01-146 and 8.01-147, he shall not be precluded from resorting to ...
8.01-149 Verdict when jury finds for plaintiffs or any of them
If the jury be of opinion for the plaintiffs, or any of them, the verdict shall be for the plaintiffs, or such of them as ...
8.01-150 Verdict when any plaintiff has no right
When any plaintiff appears to have no such right, the verdict as to such plaintiff shall be for the defendants. (Code 1950, § 8-820; 1977, ...
8.01-151 How verdict to specify premises recovered
When the right of the plaintiff is proved to all the premises claimed, the verdict shall be for the premises generally as specified in the ...
8.01-152 How verdict to specify undivided interest or share
If the verdict be for an undivided share or interest in the premises claimed, it shall specify the same, and if for an undivided share ...
8.01-153 Verdict to specify estate of plaintiff
The verdict shall also specify the estate found in the plaintiff, whether it be in fee or for life, stating for whose life, or whether ...
8.01-154 When right of plaintiff expires before trial, what judgment entered
If the right or title of a plaintiff in ejectment expire after the commencement of the suit, but before trial, the verdict shall be according ...
8.01-155 How judgment for plaintiff entered
The judgment for the plaintiff shall be, that he recover the possession of the premises, according to the verdict of the jury, if there be ...
8.01-156 Authority of sheriffs, etc., to store and sell personal property removed from premises; recovery o...
In any county or city, when personal property is removed from premises pursuant to an action of unlawful detainer or ejectment, or pursuant to any ...
8.01-157 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1990, c. 831, effective January 1, 1991. ...
8.01-158 How claim of plaintiff for profits and damages assessed
If the plaintiff file with his motion for judgment a statement of the profits and other damages which he means to demand, and the jury ...
8.01-159 When court to assess damages
If there be no issue of fact tried in the cause, and judgment is to be rendered for the plaintiff on demurrer, or otherwise, such ...
8.01-160 Defendant to give notice of claim for improvements
If the defendant intends to claim allowance for improvements made upon the premises by himself or those under whom he claims, he shall file with ...
8.01-161 How allowed
In such case, the damages of the plaintiff, and the allowance to the defendant for improvements, shall be estimated, and the balance ascertained, and judgment ...
8.01-162 Postponement of assessment and allowance
On the motion of either party, the court may order the assessment of such damages and allowance to be postponed until after the verdict on ...
8.01-163 Judgment to be conclusive
Any such judgment in an action of ejectment shall be conclusive as to the title or right of possession established in such action, upon the ...
8.01-164 Recovery of mesne profits, etc., not affected
Nothing in this chapter shall prevent the plaintiff from recovering mesne profits, or damages done to the premises, from any person other than the defendant, ...
8.01-165 Writ of right, etc., abolished
No writ of right, writ of entry, or writ of formedon, shall be hereafter brought. (Code 1950, § 8-835; 1977, c. 617.) ...
8.01-166 How defendant may apply therefor, and have judgment suspended
Any defendant against whom a decree or judgment shall be rendered for land, when no assessment of damages has been made under Article 14 (§ ...
8.01-167 How damages of plaintiff assessed
The jury, in assessing such damages, either under this article or under Article 14 (§ 8.01-131 et seq.) of this chapter, shall determine the annual ...
8.01-168 For what time
The defendant shall not be liable for such annual value for any longer time than five years before the suit, or for damages for any ...
8.01-169 How value of improvements determined in favor of defendant
If the jury shall be satisfied that the defendant, or those under whom he claims, made on the premises, at a time when there was ...
8.01-170 If allowance for improvements exceed damages, what to be done
If the sum determined for the improvements exceed the damages determined by the jury against the defendant as aforesaid, they shall then determine against him, ...
8.01-171 Verdict for balance, after offsetting damages against improvements
After offsetting the damages assessed for the plaintiff and the allowances to the defendant for improvements, if any, the jury shall find a verdict for ...
8.01-172 Balance for defendant a lien on the land
Any such balance due to the defendant shall constitute a lien upon the land recovered by the plaintiff, until the same shall be paid. (Code ...
8.01-173 How tenant for life, paying for improvements, reimbursed
If the plaintiff claim only an estate for life in the land recovered, and pay any sum allowed to the defendant for improvements, he, or ...
8.01-174 Exception as to mortgagees and trustees
Nothing in this article, nor anything concerning rents, profits, and improvements, in Article 14 (§ 8.01-131 et seq.) of this chapter, shall extend or apply ...
8.01-175 When plaintiff may require his estate only to be valued; how determined; how he may elect to relinq...
A. When the defendant shall claim allowance for improvements, the plaintiff may, by an entry on the record, require that the value of his estate ...
8.01-176 How payment of such value to be made by defendant; when land sold therefor
The payments shall be made to the plaintiff, or into court for his use, and the land shall be bound therefor, and if the defendant ...
8.01-177 When such value to be deemed real estate
If the party by or for whom the land is claimed in the suit be a person under a disability, such value shall be deemed ...
8.01-178 When and how defendant, if evicted, may recover from plaintiff amount paid
If the defendant or his heirs or assigns shall, after the premises are so relinquished to him, be evicted thereof by force of any better ...
8.01-179 Motion for judgment to establish boundary lines
Any person having a subsisting interest in real estate and a right to its possession, or to the possession of some share, interest or portion ...
8.01-180 Parties defendant; pleadings
The plaintiff shall make defendants to such motion for judgment all persons having a present interest in the boundary line or lines sought to be ...
8.01-181 Surveys
The court may appoint a surveyor and direct such surveys to be made as it deems necessary, and the costs thereof shall be assessed as ...
8.01-182 Claims to rents, etc., not considered
In a proceeding under this article, no claim of the plaintiff for rents, profits or damages shall be considered. (Code 1950, § 8-839; 1977, c. ...
8.01-183 Recordation and effect of judgment
The judgment of the court shall be recorded in the current deed book of the court. The judgment shall forever settle, determine, and designate the ...
8.01-184 Power to issue declaratory judgments
In cases of actual controversy, circuit courts within the scope of their respective jurisdictions shall have power to make binding adjudications of right, whether or ...
8.01-184.1 Declaratory judgment to adjudicate constitutional nexus
A. Circuit courts shall have original jurisdiction over civil actions seeking declaratory judgment where: 1. The party seeking declaratory relief is a business that (i) ...
8.01-185 Venue
The venue of actions seeking declarations of right with or without consequential relief shall be determined in accordance with provisions of Chapter 5 (§ 8.01-257 ...
8.01-186 Further relief
Further relief based on a declaratory judgment order or decree may be granted whenever necessary or proper. The application shall be by motion to a ...
8.01-187 Condemnation jurors to determine compensation for property taken or damaged
Whenever it is determined in a declaratory judgment proceeding that a person's property has been taken or damaged within the meaning of Article I, Section ...
8.01-188 Jury trial
When a declaration of right or the granting of further relief based thereon shall involve the determination of issues of fact triable by a jury, ...
8.01-189 Injunction
The pendency of any action at law or suit in equity brought merely to obtain a declaration of rights or a determination of a question ...
8.01-190 Costs
The costs, or such part thereof as the court may deem proper and just in view of the particular circumstances of the case, may be ...
8.01-191 Construction of article
This article is declared to be remedial. Its purpose is to afford relief from the uncertainty and insecurity attendant upon controversies over legal rights, without ...
8.01-192 How claims to be prosecuted
When the Comptroller or other authorized person shall disallow, either in whole or in part, any such claim against the Commonwealth as is provided for ...
8.01-193 Defense and hearing
In every such case, the Comptroller shall be a defendant. He shall file an answer stating the objections to the claim. The cause shall be ...
8.01-194 Jury may be impaneled; judgment
The court may, and on the motion of any party shall, cause a jury to be impaneled to ascertain any facts which are disputed, or ...
8.01-195 No judgment to be paid without special appropriation
No judgment against the Commonwealth, unless otherwise expressly provided, shall be paid without a special appropriation therefor by law. (Code 1950, § 8-756; 1977, c. ...
8.01-195.1 Short title
This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Virginia Tort Claims Act." (1981, c. 449.) ...
8.01-195.2 Definitions
As used in this article: "Agency" means any department, institution, authority, instrumentality, board or other administrative agency of the government of the Commonwealth of Virginia ...
8.01-195.3 Commonwealth, transportation district or locality liable for damages in certain cases
Subject to the provisions of this article, the Commonwealth shall be liable for claims for money only accruing on or after July 1, 1982, and ...
8.01-195.4 Jurisdiction of claims under this article; right to jury trial; service on Commonwealth or localit...
The general district courts shall have exclusive original jurisdiction to hear, determine, and render judgment on any claim against the Commonwealth or any transportation district ...
8.01-195.5 Settlement of certain cases
The Attorney General shall have authority in accordance with § 2.2-514 to compromise and settle claims against the Commonwealth cognizable under this article. The chairman ...
8.01-195.6 Notice of claim
A. Every claim cognizable against the Commonwealth or a transportation district shall be forever barred unless the claimant or his agent, attorney or representative has ...
8.01-195.7 Statute of limitations
Every claim cognizable against the Commonwealth or a transportation district under this article shall be forever barred, unless within one year after the cause of ...
8.01-195.8 Release of further claims
Notwithstanding any provision of this article, the liability for any claim or judgment cognizable under this article shall be conditioned upon the execution by the ...
8.01-195.9 Claims evaluation program
The Division of Risk Management of the Department of the Treasury and the Attorney General shall develop cooperatively an actuarially sound program for identifying, evaluating ...
8.01-195.10 Purpose; action by the General Assembly required; definitions
A. The purpose of this article is to provide directions and guidelines for the compensation of persons who have been wrongfully incarcerated in the Commonwealth. ...
8.01-195.11 Compensation for wrongful incarceration
A. Any person who is convicted of a felony by a county or city circuit court of the Commonwealth and is wrongfully incarcerated for such ...
8.01-195.12 Conditions for continued compensation
A. Any person awarded compensation under this article who is subsequently convicted of a felony shall, immediately upon such conviction, not be eligible to receive ...
8.01-196 Comptroller to institute proceedings
The Comptroller shall institute and prosecute all proceedings proper to enforce payment of money to the Commonwealth. (Code 1950, § 8-758; 1977, c. 617.) ...
8.01-197 In what name; when not to abate
Any such action shall be in the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia except when it is on a bond payable to, or a contract ...
8.01-198 Action, against whom instituted
Any such action may be instituted against any person indebted or liable to the Commonwealth in any way whatever, and against his sureties, and against ...
8.01-199 Judgment, nature of
On any such motion, the judgment shall be for so much principal and interest as would be recoverable by action. It may be also for ...
8.01-200 Mistakes against State corrected
After a debt to the Commonwealth shall have been paid, if it appear that an error or mistake has been committed to its prejudice, whether ...
8.01-201 Execution; real estate to be sold
In a writ of fieri facias upon a judgment or decree against any person indebted or liable to the Commonwealth, or against any surety of ...
8.01-202 Execution, to whom issued
An execution on behalf of the Commonwealth from the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond may, if the Comptroller see fit, be directed to ...
8.01-203 Goods and chattels liable before real estate
Every writ of fieri facias, issued according to § 8.01-201, shall be levied first on the goods and chattels of the person against whose estate ...
8.01-204 Notice of sale of real estate; when sale to be made
When a levy is so made upon real estate, the officer making it shall post notice thereof, and of the time and place of sale, ...
8.01-205 How sale made
If the amount of the execution be not sooner paid, such officer shall proceed, on the day mentioned in the notice, to sell at public ...
8.01-206 Terms of sale
The sale shall be upon six months' credit; and if the land be not purchased for the Commonwealth, the officer shall take bond of the ...
8.01-207 Who to collect purchase money and make deed; disposition of proceeds of sale
On or before the maturity of such bond the sheriff or other officer who made the sale shall withdraw the bond from the clerk's office, ...
8.01-208 When successor of officer to make deed
When the officer and his deputy who acted in making the sale have both died or removed from the Commonwealth before making such deed, the ...
8.01-209 Bond for purchase money to have force of judgment
When any bond taken under § 8.01-206 becomes payable and is returned to the office of the court from which the execution issued, it shall ...
8.01-210 Judgment against deceased obligors
A judgment may be obtained against the survivors of a deceased obligor of a bond taken under the provisions of § 8.01-206 by an action ...
8.01-211 When venditioni exponas issued to sheriff of adjacent county; what to contain
When return is made on any execution on behalf of the Commonwealth that goods, chattels or real estate remain unsold for want of bidders, or ...
8.01-212 Officer to deliver to sheriff goods and chattels levied on
The officer who made the levy shall deliver the goods and chattels to the sheriff to whom such writ of venditioni exponas may be directed, ...
8.01-213 Where same to be sold
The sheriff to whom such writ of venditioni exponas is directed, shall sell the goods and chattels in the county where received, if they can ...
8.01-214 Where real estate to be sold
Such sheriff shall also sell the real estate levied on in the county wherein the levy was made, if it can be done, and if ...
8.01-215 Return of officer when sale not made because of prior encumbrance
In any case in which an officer, having an execution on behalf of the Commonwealth, shall decline levying it because of any previous conveyance, execution, ...
8.01-216 Comptroller's power to adjust old claims
The Comptroller, with the advice of the Attorney General, may adjust and settle upon equitable principles, without regard to strict legal rules, any doubtful or ...
8.01-216.1 Citation
This article may be cited as the Virginia Fraud Against Taxpayers Act. (2002, c. 842.) ...
8.01-216.2 Definitions
As used in this article, unless the context requires otherwise: "Attorney General" means the Attorney General of Virginia, the Chief Deputy, other deputies, counsels or ...
8.01-216.3 False claims; civil penalty
A. Any person who: 1. Knowingly presents, or causes to be presented, to an officer or employee of the Commonwealth a false or fraudulent claim ...
8.01-216.4 Attorney General; investigation, civil action
The Attorney General shall investigate any violation of § 8.01-216.3. If the Attorney General finds that a person has violated or is violating § 8.01-216.3, ...
8.01-216.5 Civil actions filed by private persons; Commonwealth may intervene
A. A person may bring a civil action for a violation of § 8.01-216.3 for the person and for the Commonwealth. The action shall be ...
8.01-216.6 Rights of private plaintiff and Commonwealth
A. If the Commonwealth proceeds with the action, it shall have the primary responsibility for prosecuting the action, and shall not be bound by an ...
8.01-216.7 Award to private plaintiff
A. Except as hereinafter provided, if the Commonwealth proceeds with an action brought by a person under § 8.01-216.5, such person shall receive at least ...
8.01-216.8 Certain actions barred; relief from employment discrimination
No court shall have jurisdiction over an action brought under § 8.01-216.5 based on information discovered by a present or former employee of the Commonwealth ...
8.01-216.9 Procedure; statute of limitations
A subpoena requiring the attendance of a witness at a trial or hearing conducted under this article may be served at any place in the ...
8.01-216.10 Civil investigative demands; issuance
A. Whenever the Attorney General has reason to believe that any person may be in possession, custody, or control of any documentary material or information ...
8.01-216.11 Civil investigative demands; contents and deadlines
Each civil investigative demand issued under this article shall state the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation of a false claims law that ...
8.01-216.12 Civil investigative demands; protected material or information
A civil investigative demand issued under this article shall not require the production of any documentary material, the submission of any answers to written interrogatories, ...
8.01-216.13 Civil investigative demands; service and jurisdiction
Any civil investigative demand issued under this article may be served by an investigator, or by any person authorized to serve process on individuals in ...
8.01-216.14 Civil investigative demands; documentary material
The production of documentary material in response to a civil investigative demand served under this article shall be made under a sworn certificate, in such ...
8.01-216.15 Civil investigative demands; interrogatories
Each inquiry in a civil investigative demand served under this article shall be answered separately and fully in writing under oath and shall be submitted ...
8.01-216.16 Civil investigative demands; oral examinations
A. The examination of any person pursuant to a civil investigative demand for oral testimony served under this article shall be taken before an officer ...
8.01-216.17 Civil investigative demands; custodian of documents; answers
A. The Attorney General shall serve as custodian of documentary material, answers to interrogatories, and transcripts of oral testimony received under this article. B. An ...
8.01-216.18 Civil investigative demands; judicial proceedings for noncompliance
A. Whenever any person fails to comply with any civil investigative demand issued under this article, or whenever satisfactory copying or reproduction of any material ...
8.01-216.19 Application of the Rules of the Supreme Court
The Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia shall apply to all proceedings under this article, except when those Rules are inconsistent with this article. ...
8.01-217 How name of person may be changed
A. Any person desiring to change his own name, or that of his child or ward, may apply therefor to the circuit court of the ...
8.01-218 Replevin abolished
No action of replevin shall be hereafter brought. (Code 1950, § 8-647; 1977, c. 617.) ...
8.01-219 Effect of judgment in trover
A judgment for the plaintiff in an action of trover shall not operate to transfer the title to the property converted unless and until such ...
8.01-220 Action for alienation of affection, breach of promise, criminal conversation and seduction abolishe...
A. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, no civil action shall lie or be maintained in this Commonwealth for alienation of affection, ...
8.01-220.1 Defense of interspousal immunity abolished as to certain causes of action arising on or after July ...
The common-law defense of interspousal immunity in tort is abolished and shall not constitute a valid defense to any such cause of action arising on ...
8.01-220.1:1 Civil immunity for officers, partners, members, managers, trustees and directors of certain tax exe...
A. Directors, partners, members, managers, trustees and officers of organizations exempt from income taxation under § 501 (c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue ...
8.01-220.1:2 Civil immunity for teachers under certain circumstances
A. Any teacher employed by a local school board in the Commonwealth shall not be liable for any civil damages for any acts or omissions ...
8.01-220.1:3 Immunity for members of church, synagogue or religious body
No member of any church, synagogue or religious body shall be liable in tort or contract for the actions of any officer, employee, leader, or ...
8.01-220.1:4 Civil immunity for officers and directors of certain nonprofit organizations
A. Directors and officers of any entity created to ensure the implementation in the Commonwealth of a national tobacco trust established to provide payments to ...
8.01-220.2 Spousal liability for emergency medical care
On and after July 1, 1984, each spouse shall be jointly and severally liable for all emergency medical care furnished to the other spouse by ...
8.01-221 Damages from violation of statute, remedy therefor and penalty
Any person injured by the violation of any statute may recover from the offender such damages as he may sustain by reason of the violation, ...
8.01-221.1 Unestablished business damages; lost profits
Damages for lost profits of a new or unestablished business may be recoverable upon proper proof. A party shall not be deemed to have failed ...
8.01-222 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 2007, c. 368, cl. 2. ...
8.01-223 Lack of privity no defense in certain cases
In cases not provided for in § 8.2-318 where recovery of damages for injury to person, including death, or to property resulting from negligence is ...
8.01-223.1 Use of constitutional rights
In any civil action the exercise by a party of any constitutional protection shall not be used against him. (1985, c. 192.) ...
8.01-223.2 Immunity of persons at public hearing
A person shall be immune from civil liability for a violation of § 18.2-499 or a claim of tortious interference with an existing contract or ...
8.01-224 Defense of governmental immunity not available to certain persons in actions for damages from blast...
The defense of governmental immunity shall not be available to any person, firm or corporation in any cause of action for damages to the property ...
8.01-225 Persons rendering emergency care, obstetrical services exempt from liability
A. Any person who: 1. In good faith, renders emergency care or assistance, without compensation, to any ill or injured person (i) at the scene ...
8.01-225.01 Certain immunity for health care providers during disasters under specific circumstances
A. In the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct, any health care provider who responds to a disaster by delivering health care to persons ...
8.01-225.02 Certain liability protection for health care providers during disasters.
A. In the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct, any health care provider who responds to a disaster shall not be liable for any ...
8.01-225.1 Immunity for team physicians
Any physician, surgeon or chiropractor licensed to practice by the Board of Medicine in the Commonwealth who, in the absence of gross negligence or willful ...
8.01-225.2 Immunity for those rendering emergency care to animals
Any person, including a person licensed to practice veterinary medicine, who in good faith and without compensation renders emergency care or treatment to an injured ...
8.01-226 Duty of care to law-enforcement officers and firefighters, etc
An owner or occupant of real property containing premises normally open to the public shall, with respect to such premises, owe to firefighters, Department of ...
8.01-226.1 Civil immunity when participating in Lawyers Helping Lawyers
Any person shall be immune from civil liability for, or resulting from, any act, decision, omission, communication, finding, opinion or conclusion made or conducted in ...
8.01-226.2 Civil immunity for licensed professional engineers and licensed architects participating in rescue ...
Any licensed professional engineer or licensed architect who, in good faith and without charge or compensation, utilizes his professional skills in providing rescue or relief ...
8.01-226.3 Civil immunity for officers, directors and members of certain crime information-gathering organizat...
Any officer, director or member of a nonprofit organization which, pursuant to a written agreement with a local government or a law-enforcement agency, regularly assists ...
8.01-226.4 Civil immunity for hospice volunteers
Any individual who, in good faith, without compensation, and in the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct, renders care to a terminally ill patient ...
8.01-226.5 Immunity for installers and inspectors of child restraint devices
Any person who has successfully met the minimum required training standards for installation of child restraint devices established by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ...
8.01-226.5:1 Civil immunity for school board employees supervising self-administration of certain medicatio...
A. Any school principal or other employee of a school board who, in good faith, without compensation, and in the absence of gross negligence or ...
8.01-226.5:2 Immunity of hospital or rescue squad personnel for the acceptance of certain infants
Any personnel of a hospital or rescue squad receiving a child under the circumstances described in subsection B of § 18.2-371, subdivision B 2 of ...
8.01-226.6 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 2007, c. 250, cl. 2. ...
8.01-226.7 Owner and agent compliance with residential lead-based paint notification; maintenance immunit...
A. As used in this section, the following definitions apply: "Agent" means any party who enters into a contract with a seller or lessor, including ...
8.01-226.8 Civil immunity for public officials and private volunteers participating in certain programs for pr...
Probation officers; court personnel; county, city and town personnel; any other public officials; and private volunteers who participate in a program where persons on probation ...
8.01-226.9 Exemption from civil liability in connection with arrest or detention of person suspected of shopli...
A merchant, agent or employee of the merchant, who causes the arrest or detention of any person pursuant to the provisions of §§ 18.2-95, 18.2-96 ...
8.01-226.10 Civil immunity for causing the arrest of a person for a bad check
If payment of any check, draft, or order for the payment of money is refused by the financial institution, trust company or other depository upon ...
8.01-226.11 Civil immunity for operation of victim notification program.
The Virginia Sheriffs' Association and the Virginia Community Policing Institute, and the directors, managers, members, officers and employees of such entities shall be immune from ...
8.01-226.12 Duty of landlord and managing agent with respect to visible mold.
A. As used in this section, the following definitions apply: "Authorized occupant" means a person entitled to occupy a dwelling unit with the consent of ...
8.01-227 Remedy by motion on certain bonds given or taken by officers; notice
The court in which any bond given or taken by an officer is required to be returned, filed or recorded, may, on motion of any ...
8.01-227.1 through 8.01-227.3
Repealed by Acts 2007, c. 250, cl. 2. ...
8.01-227.4 Definitions
As used in this article: "Controlled substance" means a controlled substance as defined in Article 1 (§ 18.2-247 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title ...
8.01-227.5 Persons who may bring action; persons against whom actions may be brought; damages recoverabl...
A. A parent or legal custodian may bring an action for damages incurred because of his child's unlawful use of a controlled substance while under ...
8.01-227.6 Law-enforcement officer or agency; health care provider not liable under certain condition...
A law-enforcement officer or agency shall not be liable under this article if acting in furtherance of an official investigation. A health care provider who ...
8.01-227.7 Statute of limitations
Every action brought pursuant to this article shall be commenced no later than two years after the child's eighteenth birthday. (2002, c. 863.) ...
8.01-227.8 (Expires July 1, 2013) Definitions.
For purposes of this section: "Participant" means any space flight participant as that term is defined in 49 U.S.C. § 70102. "Participant Injury" means any ...
8.01-227.9 (Expires July 1, 2013) Civil immunity for space flight entities.
A. Except as provided in subsection B, a space flight entity is not liable for a participant injury resulting from the risks of space flight ...
8.01-227.10 (Expires July 1, 2013) Warning required.
A. Every space flight entity providing space flight activities to a participant shall have each participant sign the warning statement specified in subsection B. B. ...

Last modified: April 2, 2009