Ex parte YOKOGAWA - Page 4




          Appeal No. 95-1091                                                             
          Application 07/916,973                                                         


          which reacts with the silanol groups of the silica polymer.  To                
          support the conclusion of obviousness for the claimed step not                 
          taught by the primary references, the examiner relies upon Unger.              
               Unger discloses a process of forming discrete particles of                
          SiO  which are substantially without any porosity which find                   
             2                                                                           
          utility as calibration standards for determining the size of                   
          small objects and as sorption or carrier materials in the field                
          of chromatography and separation techniques.  Unger provides                   
          absolutely no teaching or suggestion that the product SiO2                     
          particles, which are formed by treating a sol of primary                       
          particles by the controlled addition of tetraalkoxysilane or                   
          organotrialkoxysilane, which particles have virtually no                       
          porosity, can be converted into a porous hydrophobic aerogel of                
          the type disclosed by the primary references and presently                     
          claimed.  In our view, the examiner has failed to factually                    
          establish that one of ordinary skill in the art would have had a               
          reasonable expectation that Unger's step of forming SiO2                       
          particles having virtually no porosity could be incorporated into              
          the processes of the primary references to obtain a porous                     
          hydrophobic aerogel, let alone an aerogel having the superior                  
          stability to moisture demonstrated in the present specification.               
               Accordingly, based on the foregoing, the examiner's decision              
          rejecting the appealed claims is reversed.                                     
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