Appeal No. 95-3026
Application No. 07/945,061
testing machine that permits rubbing between two specimens to
test the abrasion resistance of coatings applied to the two
specimens. The amount of abrasion to a specimen had to be
visually determined by an observer. Vandermeerssche states
(publication, page 2, column 2) that “[i]n order to evaluate the
level of abrasion resistance in an accurate and reproducible
fashion a new method is urgently needed.” According to
Vandermeerssche, the state of the art in abrasion testing is an
instrument referred to as the “Comprehensive Abrasion Tester”
(publication, page 3, column 2). The testing apparatus described
in both the patent and the publication by Vandermeerssche do not
use pre-abrasion and post-abrasion pixel analysis.
In Yamazaki, an image from paper 41 is picked up by image
pickup camera 2, and the camera creates an image signal that is
512 pixels x 512 pixels. The pixels are analyzed by the CPU 50
in the electrical processing unit 100. Yamazaki is silent
concerning a comparison of the image signal with an earlier made
image signal from the paper.
Gonzalez was merely cited by the examiner (Answer, page 4)
for a teaching of computing “the root-mean-square error
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