Ex parte CAVA et al. - Page 4




          Appeal No. 95-3898                                                          
          Application 08/156,953                                                      


               The examiner’s above-noted portion of the answer takes as              
          its starting points the teachings and suggestions in Hoekje.                
          However, a detailed, considered study of the examiner’s                     
          position leads us to conclude that just as well Lichtenberg                 
          may have been properly used as a starting point from which to               
          analyze the collective teachings and suggestions from an                    
          artisan’s perspective, as the examiner has done, to arrive at               
          the conclusion of the obviousness of the present subject                    
          matter on appeal.  The examiner’s reasoning clearly sets forth              
          a prima facie case of obviousness of the desirability and/or                
          motivation to have combined the collective teachings and                    
          suggestions of the references from an artisan’s perspective,                
          contrary to the assertions made by appellants in the brief as               
          to the Hoekje-Lichtenberg combination.  The examiner’s                      
          position even considers the merits and opinions of declarant                
          Donald Murphy in the examiner’s analysis.  Significantly,                   
          there is no reply brief to rebut the examiner’s reasoning and               
          positions set forth in this portion of the answer.                          
               To embellish upon the examiner’s reasoning of                          
          combinability, the entire first paragraph of Lichtenberg                    
          indicates that the art as well as the authors of Lichtenberg’s              
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