Ex parte REIFMAN et al. - Page 5




          Appeal No. 96-2040                                                          
          Application No. 08/221,370                                                  


          where one of the storage and exchange units is not overloaded               
          and could easily handle its unequal workload, thus wasting                  
          valuable processing time as compared with the instant claimed               
          system and method.                                                          
               The examiner’s response [answer-page 4] is to contend                  
          that “this difference is simply a difference in the criterion               
          used to define what workload is excessive.”  We agree that                  
          there is a difference based on a criterion used to define what              
          workload is excessive (Mizutori considers any imbalance to be               
          excessive while the instant claimed invention considers there               
          to be an excessive workload only when the workload value                    
          exceeds a predetermined value) but that criterion may clearly               
          constitute a nonobvious, or patentable, difference.  Thus,                  
          even assuming the examiner is correct in the assessment that                
          there is a difference between the instant claimed invention                 
          and that disclosed by Mizutori, i.e., “simply a difference in               
          the criterion,” an analysis under 35 U.S.C. 103 requires not                
          only that the examiner identify such a difference but also                  
          that the examiner then explain why, after assessing the level               
          of those skilled in the art, the skilled artisan would have                 
          found the claimed subject matter, as a whole, to have been                  
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