Ex parte JOHNSON et al. - Page 7




          Appeal No. 98-0409                                                          
          Application 08/420,480                                                      


          In re Bozek, 416 F.2d 1385, 1390, 163 USPQ 545, 549 (CCPA                   
          1969)).  Moreover, skill is presumed on the part of those                   
          practicing in the art.  See In re Sovish, 769 F.2d 738, 743,                
          226 USPQ 771, 774 (Fed. Cir. 1985).  Therefore, the respective              
          advantages and disadvantages of well-known materials used in                
          the belt and holder art such as plastic, metal and leather                  
          would have been apparent to the artisan (note In re Heinrich,               
          268 F.2d 753, 756, 122 USPQ 388, 390 (CCPA 1959)) and,                      
          accordingly, we perceive that the selection of well-known                   
          materials having properties which are well-known in the belt                
          and holder art (such as plastic) would have been obvious (see               
          In re Leshin, 277 F.2d 197, 199, 125 USPQ 416, 418 (CCPA                    
          1960).                                                                      
               It is also the appellants' contention that claim 1                     
          requires that "each receiver of Appellants' invention is                    
          removable and replaceable" (brief, page 7).  This is not the                
          case.  Independent claim 1 more broadly recites that "the                   
          cartridge receiver may be slidably engaged with the rack                    
          portion and is removable and replaceable therefrom."  This                  
          being the case, this limitation does not define over the                    


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