Ex parte FRANCHAK - Page 7




          Appeal No. 98-1456                                         Page 7           
          Application No. 08/294,958                                                  


          with respect to the claims under appeal.  In rejecting claims               
          under                                                                       
          35 U.S.C. § 103, the examiner bears the initial burden of                   
          presenting a prima facie case of obviousness.  See In re                    
          Rijckaert, 9 F.3d 1531, 1532, 28 USPQ2d 1955, 1956 (Fed. Cir.               
          1993).  A prima facie case of obviousness is established by                 
          presenting evidence that the reference teachings would appear               
          to be sufficient for one of ordinary skill in the relevant art              
          having the references before him to make the proposed                       
          combination or other modification.  See In re Lintner, 9 F.2d               
          1013, 1016, 173 USPQ 560, 562 (CCPA 1972).  Furthermore, the                
          conclusion that the claimed subject matter is prima facie                   
          obvious must be supported by evidence, as shown by some                     
          objective teaching in the prior art or by knowledge generally               
          available to one of ordinary skill in the art that would have               
          led that individual to combine the relevant teachings of the                
          references to arrive at the claimed invention.  See In re                   
          Fine, 837 F.2d 1071, 1074, 5 USPQ2d 1596, 1598 (Fed. Cir.                   
          1988).                                                                      










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