Ex parte SHAMS et al. - Page 7




          Appeal No. 1997-0917                                                         
          Application 08/309,565                                                       


          output port of the multiplexer, while Li’s demultiplexer and                 
          multiplexer are separated by a sink register.                                
               The Examiner responds that the direct connection                        
                    is not a patentable distinction, but rather                        
                    an engineering choice. ... The function of                         
                    the sink register is to act as a closed-                           
                    coupler between the MUX and DEMUX (see                             
                    column 6, lines 11-16).  This function can                         
                    be incorporated into the control register                          
                    file, since Li suggests that the content of                        
                    register file can be loaded to or from the                         
                    sink register (see column 5, lines 25-31).                         
                    (Answer-page 16.)                                                  
                                                                                      
               We do not agree with the Examiner.  The Federal Circuit                 
          states that "[t]he mere fact that the prior art may be                       
          modified in the manner suggested by the Examiner does not make               
          the modification obvious unless the prior art suggested the                  
          desirability of the modification."  In re Fritch, 972 F.2d                   
          1260, 1266 n.14, 23 USPQ2d 1780, 1783-84 n.14 (Fed. Cir.                     
          1992), citing In re Gordon, 733 F.2d 900, 902, 221 USPQ 1125,                
          1127 (Fed. Cir. 1984).  "Obviousness may not be established                  
          using hindsight or in view of the teachings or suggestions of                
          the inventor."  Para-Ordnance Mfg. v. SGS Importers Int’l, 73                
          F.3d at 1087, 37 USPQ2d at 1239, citing W. L. Gore & Assocs.,                


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