Ex parte KAWAGUCHI et al. - Page 6




          Appeal No. 1997-1584                                                        
          Application No. 08/353,375                                                  


          before us will stand or fall together.  Note In re King, 801                
          F.2d 1324, 1325, 231 USPQ 136, 137 (Fed. Cir. 1986); In re                  
          Sernaker, 702 F.2d 989, 991, 217 USPQ 1, 3 (Fed. Cir. 1983).                
          Therefore, we will only consider the rejection against                      
          independent claim 1 as representative of all the claims on                  
          appeal.                                                                     
               As a general proposition in an appeal involving a                      
          rejection under 35 U.S.C. § 103, an Examiner is under a burden              
          to make out a prima facie case of obviousness.  If that burden              
          is met, the burden of going forward then shifts to Appellants               
          to overcome the prima facie case with argument and/or                       
          evidence.  Obviousness is then determined on the basis of the               
          evidence as a whole and the relative persuasiveness of the                  
          arguments.  See In re Oetiker,                                              
          977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992); In              
          re Hedges, 783 F.2d 1038, 1039, 228 USPQ 685, 686 (Fed. Cir.                
          1986); In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468, 1472, 223 USPQ 785, 788               
          (Fed. Cir. 1984); and In re Rinehart, 531 F.2d 1048, 1051, 189              
          USPQ 143,                                                                   
          147 (CCPA 1976).  Only those arguments actually made by                     
          Appellants have been considered in this decision.  Arguments                
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