Appeal No. 1997-2387
Application No. 08/082,373
...(a) a specimen for analysis is mixed with one or more reagents in a vessel
of progressively decreasing cross-section; (b) the mixture is incubated; (c)
the incubated mixture is then centrifuged at least one [sic, once] so as to hurl
the particles onto the vessel base, the same being disposed substantially in
the direction of the centrifugal force, with the result that the agglutinated
particles stick to the vessel base whereas the unagglutinated elements
remain free thereon, whereafter (d) centrifuging is stopped and ... the nature
of the reaction which has occurred is determined by observing the presence
or absence of the agglutinated or non-agglutinated elements, after a time
interval sufficient for their separation. [C. 1, l. 64 - c. 2, l. 12.]
I. If the reaction is positive, agglutination is complete and the
agglutinates remain stuck to the vessel base portion 7;
II. If the reaction is completely or partly negative, the non-agglutinated
elements, e.g.[,] the non-agglutinated red globules, slide down from the
vessel base 7 along the inclined wall 6 (FIG. 1).
The slide-down [i.e., slippage] does not start immediately upon the
cessation of centrifuging but usually starts after a short wait. Also, the rate of
sliding may vary according to the nature and intensity of the reaction
occurring, and so measurement of the rate of sliding gives further information
on the extent of negative reactions. [C. 4, ll. 49-61.]
The chart in column 4 illustrates various combinations of specimens and reagents useful
for routine blood grouping, including combinations of a plasma specimen with a sensitized
particulate reagent, i.e., "globules" having A , A , B or O antigens thereon.1 2
JP '161 describes 1-100 µ ferromagnetic circular particles which can immobilize
various proteins, e.g., antigen, antibody and enzyme, and sugar groups (translation,
p. 2), and can be used "as the carrier of the indirect passive flocculation reaction, and the
flocculating reaction time is reduced to about half" (translation, sentence bridging pp. 11-
12).
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