Ex parte RUGER - Page 4




          Appeal No. 1997-2434                                                        
          Application No. 08/209,174                                                  


          examiner that compounds P-28, P-29, P-30 and P-31 all contain               
          the claimed  quaternary nitrogen atoms and the tertiary amine               
          function.  Appellant maintains at page 6 of the Brief that                  
          "[e]ach of the Formulas of Claim 1 of the subject invention                 




          has at least one linking group as defined between the                       
          quaternary nitrogen and the tertiary amine . . . Kojima                     
          clearly does not disclose such a structure nor is there                     
          anything in Kojima that suggests such a structure."  However,               
          as explained above, appealed claim 1 fails to recite any such               
          linking group between the quaternary nitrogen and the tertiary              
          amine.                                                                      
               Turning to the rejection over Okamura '919 and Kuwabara,               
          appellant submits the imidazoline structure of the references               
          is an aromatic system and "one of ordinary skill in the art                 
          understands that a tertiary amine is not formed in a N, N-                  
          disubstituted imidazolium group." (page 6 of brief, second                  
          paragraph).  As evidentiary support for the argument,                       
          appellant cites Beilstein EIII/IV 23, page 568, formula V.                  
          However, although Beilstein discloses an imidazolium group                  
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