KALFAS et al. V. WEAVER et al. V. WEAVER et al. V. ROWLAND et al. - Page 13





        of the subject matter of the count is to insert the catheter into          
        a body passage for performing some operation in the body passage.          
        Rowland did not test the three-lumen catheter to ensure that it            
        could be inserted into a body passage, or to ensure that tissue            
        can be cut and contrast fluid can be injected in the body                  
        passage.                                                                   

            Rowland argues that testing in humans was not necessary,               
        since inventors Eddy and Vergano and noninventor Bell believed             
        that the three-lumen catheter device would be used, and would              
        work in the same manner as the two-lumen catheter device (Finding          
        19). Instead the inventors, along with Ms. Bell, performed a               
        bench test to confirm that the tips of the three-lumen catheter            
        were oriented in the same fashion as in the two-lumen catheter,            
        and that the cutting tool would work the same as a cutting tool            
        in a two-lumen catheter (Finding 20).                                      
            The problem with Rowland's argument is that Rowland simply             
        asks us to take the inventors' and Ms. Bell's word that the                
        three-lumen catheter device was so similar to the two-lumen                
        catheter device that testing in humans was not necessary.                  
        Rowland fails to direct us to evidence to support the assertion.           
        Obviously, the two devices are not the same. Yet, Rowland                  
        provides no adequate explanation as to why testing of the three            
        lumen catheter in a body passage was not necessary despite the             
        three-lumen catheter's being a different device from the two               


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