Ex parte NOZAWA et al. - Page 7




          Appeal No. 1997-3312                                                        
          Application No. 08/183,787                                                  


          proposed by the examiner, the examiner has failed to meet his               
          burden of demonstrating that such a modification would result               
          in the claimed apparatus.  See Uniroyal Inc. v Rudkin-Wiley                 
          Corp., 837 F.2d 1044, 1052, 5 USPQ2d 1434, 1439-40 (Fed. Cir.)              
          cert. denied, 489 U.S. 825 (1988) (a structure created from                 
          the combined teachings of the prior art references "would, in               
          any event, fall short of the invention" defined by the                      
          claims).                                                                    
               Further, as discussed in the oral hearing of the appeal                
          in this case, certain elements of appellants' claimed                       
          apparatus had been drafted in "means-plus-function" format                  
          such as the claimed "drive means".  Such terms must be                      
          interpreted as limited to the corresponding structure                       
          described in appellants' specification or the equivalence                   
          thereof consistent with 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph.  In               
          re Donaldson, 16 F.3d 1189, 1193, 29 USPQ2d 1845, 1848 (Fed.                
          Cir. 1994) (en banc).  Here, the examiner has not established               
          whether or not the "drive means" relied upon in each of the                 
          secondary references has either a corresponding structure to                
          the described drive means in appellants' specification (see                 
          Figure 5) or equivalence thereof consistent with 35 U.S.C. §                
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