Ex parte PALM et al. - Page 5




          Appeal No. 1999-0296                                       Page 5           
          Application No. 08/483,552                                                  


          level of ordinary skill was best determined by the references               
          of record); In re Oelrich, 579 F.2d 86, 91, 198 USPQ 210, 214               
          (CCPA 1978) ("[T]he PTO usually must evaluate ... the level of              
          ordinary skill solely on the cold words of the literature.").               
          Of course, “‘[e]very patent application and reference relies                
          to some extent upon knowledge of persons skilled in the art to              
          complement that [which is] disclosed ....’”  In re Bode, 550                
          F.2d 656, 660, 193 USPQ 12, 16 (CCPA 1977) (quoting In re                   
          Wiggins, 488 F.2d 538, 543, 179 USPQ 421, 424 (CCPA 1973)).                 
          Those persons “must be presumed to know something” about the                
          art “apart from what the references disclose.”  In re Jacoby,               
          309 F.2d 513, 516, 135 USPQ 317, 319 (CCPA 1962). With these                
          principles in mind, we consider the examiner's rejection and                
          the appellants' argument regarding the following claims:                    
               •    claims 1, 2, 6, 9-11, and 14                                      
               •    claims 3, 7, 8, 12, 15, and 16                                    
               •    claims 4, 13                                                      
               •    claim 5.                                                          
          We begin with claims 1, 2, 6, 9-11, and 14.                                 


                          I. Claims 1, 2, 6, 9-11, and 14                             










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