EDWARDS et al. V. LEVEEN - Page 29






         Interference No. 104,290                                                            



         of testing of such a device would establish an actual reduction                     

         to practice, the court considered the in-an-out implantation and                    

         actuation of the device in a human subject's penis sufficient to                    

         establish a reduction to practice. Clearly, mere bench testing                      

         did not suffice. In Manning v. ParacLis, 2002 U.S. App. LEXIS                       

         14026, the subject matter concerned treating a patient in cardiac                   

         arrest by perfusing the aortic arch with an oxygen-rich solution.                   

         A well instrumented test in a living dog was held not to be a                       

         successful experiment establishing a reduction to practice of the                   

         claimed invention. Clearly bench testing would not have sufficed                    

         to establish that the invention actually worked for its intended                    

         purpose.                                                                            

                     We have previously made factual findings, in relation                   

         to the motion to suppress Hansen's testimony, concerning the                        

         functional setting of the interfering subject matter. Our                           

         finding was that the functional setting for the interference                        

         subject matter was to ablate targeted tissue such as tumors in an                   

         organ of a living subject. In this record, we find unrebutted                       

         evidence from Hansen that bench or in vitro testing does not                        

         put into play important factors bearing on the invention's                          

         operability for its intended purpose. Based on this unrebutted                      



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