Appeal No. 2003-0238
Application No. 08/886,349
on-line research allows for in-depth interviews across wide
geographic areas without the time and expense of travel.
Greenfield Online also states that "research studies that
previously took five to 10 business days will now be designed,
administered and analyzed almost overnight" (emphasis ours),
thereby suggesting that the survey is designed over the Internet
as well. The skilled artisan would have recognized from the
above teachings and suggestions that questions and answers
between the survey requestor and the survey manager would go more
quickly over the Internet. The level of the skilled artisan
should not be underestimated. See In re Sovish, 769 F.2d 738,
743, 226 USPQ 771, 774 (Fed. Cir. 1985).
Greenfield Online further teaches (in paragraph 4) using an
exclusive base of respondents or a focus group, (in paragraph 3)
that their system is linked to the World Wide Web, and (in
paragraph 5) that they expect their customers, the survey
requestors, to have World Wide Web sites. Thus, Greenfield
suggests the use of the Internet for communicating with their
clients and determining a target audience for the survey.
Although Greenfield Online does not explicitly state that the
target audience is identified on-line, as Greenfield and Dacko
both suggest the use of the Internet for other communications, it
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