Ex Parte Arzate et al - Page 3

               Appeal 2006-2778                                                                             
               Application 10/780,021                                                                       
                                                                                                           
                      The rejection1 presented by the Examiner is as follows:                               
                      Claims 33-56 are rejected under 35 U.S.C § 103(a) as unpatentable                     
               over Osornio in view of Asai.                                                                
                      Rather than repeat the arguments of Appellants or the Examiner, we                    
               refer to the Briefs and the Answer for their respective details.  In this                    
               decision, we have considered only those arguments actually made by                           
               Appellants.  Arguments which Appellants could have made but chose not to                     
               make in the Briefs have not been considered and are deemed to be waived.                     
               See 37 C.F.R. § 41.37(c)(1)(vii) (2004).                                                     

                                                OPINION                                                     
                      In rejecting claims under 35 U.S.C. § 103, it is incumbent upon the                   
               Examiner to establish a factual basis to support the legal conclusion of                     
               obviousness.  See In re Fine, 837 F.2d 1071, 1073, 5 USPQ2d 1596, 1598                       
               (Fed. Cir. 1988).  In so doing, the Examiner must make the factual                           
               determinations set forth in Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 148                    
               USPQ 459, 467 (1966).  If that burden is met, the burden then shifts to the                  
               Appellants to overcome the prima facie case with argument and/or evidence.                   
               Obviousness is then determined on the basis of the evidence as a whole and                   
               the relative persuasiveness of the arguments.  See In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d                   
               1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992).                                           
                      The Examiner's rejection essentially finds that Osornio teaches every                 
               claimed feature except for (1) an electrostatically-deposited swelling layer                 

                                                                                                           
               1 The Examiner withdrew the rejection under 35 U.S.C. § 112, second                          
               paragraph (Answer 3).                                                                        

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