David A. Sturman and Celinda M. Sturman - Page 3

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          conspired to hamper, hinder, and impede the ascertaining,                   
          computation, assessment, and collection of his father’s Federal             
          income taxes.                                                               
               In its taxable year ended June 30, 1990 (the 1989 taxable              
          year), Corporation incurred and paid $137,744 in legal fees and             
          $11,642 in travel-related expenses defending the criminal action.           
          On its 1989 Federal income tax return, Corporation deducted the             
          former amount as “legal expenses” and the latter amount as                  
          “travel and entertainment”.  Corporation paid $41,671 and                   
          $163,753 in legal fees during its 1990 and 1991 taxable years,              
          respectively, defending the criminal action.  Corporation                   
          deducted these amounts as “legal expenses” on its 1990 and 1991             
          Federal income tax returns.                                                 
               In 1993, the Commissioner audited Corporation’s 1989, 1990,            
          and 1991 Federal income tax returns.  The Commissioner disallowed           
          the above-mentioned deductions taken by Corporation, and she                
          issued Corporation a notice of deficiency reflecting her                    
          disallowance. According to the notice of deficiency, which was              
          dated April 4, 1994, Corporation could not deduct these amounts             
          because:  (1) The underlying expenses were not “directly or                 
          proximately related to the corporation’s trade or business”,                
          (2) “the source of the criminal charges or the character of the             
          conduct from which the charges arise determines the deductibility           
          or nondeductibility of the legal expenses in question”, and                 
          (3) the legal expenses were incurred by Mr. Sturman and                     




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