J.J. Zand - Page 138

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          Iran.  This program was not successful.  Since earth resources              
          was a Diesel Power program, the amounts paid by petitioner to Mr.           
          Borsharpour were not his ordinary and necessary business                    
          expenses.                                                                   
               The 1976 payment of $1,500 to Don Kahler in settlement of a            
          disputed bill was an ordinary and necessary business expense of             
          CTC, petitionner's sole proprietorship.  Therefore, this                    
          deduction is allowed.                                                       
               There was no business purpose shown for either the 1978 $500           
          payment to Celia Longenbaker or the 1978 payment in the amount of           
          $736.54 to TWA for Mr. Rayhanni's Chicago travel expenses.                  
          Hence, both deductions are disallowed.                                      
               C.  Consulting Fees                                                    
               For the years 1977, 1978, and 1979 petitioner made payments            
          of $18,266.10, $14,377.13, and $12,445.39, respectively, to Larry           
          Castoe.  Included in the payments made on behalf of Mr. Castoe              
          are payments to CDC, stock exchanges fees, expenses for financial           
          publications and services, and expenses for items for which the             
          business purpose is not readily apparent.                                   
               Mr. Castoe was a stockbroker in Columbus, Ohio, who made his           
          services available to CTC, Diesel Power, petitioner and other               
          Iranians to make investments in stock on their behalf.  Mr.                 
          Khalatbari also purchased stock through Mr. Castoe.  Petitioner             







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