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          allege that there was little IPS activity during the years in                
          issue.                                                                       
               Allocations may be made where one member of a controlled                
          group performs services for the benefit of, or on behalf of,                 
          another member of the group.  See sec. 1.482-2(b)(1), Income Tax             
          Regs.  “Allocations will generally not be made if the service is             
          merely a duplication of a service which the related party has                
          independently performed or is performing for itself.”  Sec.                  
          1.482-2(b)(2)(ii), Income Tax Regs.; see Young & Rubicam, Inc. v.            
          Commissioner, 187 Ct. Cl. 635, 410 F.2d 1233 (1969).  In                     
          addition, section 482 allocations are inappropriate for                      
          stewardship activities because the benefit is to the parent                  
          entity.  See Young & Rubicam, Inc. v. United States, 410 F.2d at             
          1245-1247; Eli Lilly & Co. v. Commissioner, 84 T.C. at 1154;                 
          Columbian Rope Co. v. Commissioner, 42 T.C. at 813-814.  We find             
          that items such as HIC’s audits, reporting requirements,                     
          reviewing contracts, and providing for consistency of accounting             
          systems are supervisory functions that benefited the parent                  
          company and are not management services.  See Young & Rubicam,               
          Inc. v. United States, 410 F.2d at 1245-1247.  Likewise, business            
          development activities, financial guaranties, and owner relations            
          are to the benefit of the parent company and not subject to                  
          allocation.  See id.  However, we are, likewise, not persuaded by            
          petitioners’ argument that chain and design services should not              
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