Pizza Industries, Inc., Domino's Pizza - Page 11




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          978 F.2d 1139, 1144-1147 (9th Cir. 1992), affg. in part, revg. in           
          part and remanding on other issues T.C. Memo. 1991-144.  In the             
          present case, however, we need not consider two separate                    
          positions because there is no indication that respondent's                  
          position changed or that respondent became aware of any                     
          additional facts that rendered his position any more or less                
          justified between the issuance of the notice of deficiency and              
          the filing of the answer to the petition.                                   
               Respondent determined in the notice of deficiency that                 
          petitioner was not entitled to a royalty expense deduction for              
          the Contested Payments.  As we understand respondent's position,            
          respondent would not have disallowed the deduction if petitioner            
          had directly paid the Contested Payments to Domino's.  Respondent           
          disallowed the royalty expense deduction based on "the conduct of           
          the parties"; i.e., the fact that petitioner made the Contested             
          payments to Mr. Paul, and respondent's interpretation of the Area           
          Agreement.  The deduction was disallowed because respondent                 
          determined that petitioner was the implied assignee of the Area             
          Agreement and therefore possessed a fixed and unconditional right           
          to reimbursement for the Contested Payments under that agreement.           
          Finally, respondent concluded that any payments made to Mr. Paul            
          were simply constructive dividends.                                         
               Even in light of the fact that petitioner made the Contested           






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