Norris O. and Betty J. Whitley - Page 8


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          South Carolina) (citing Hubbard & Felix, Comparative Negligence             
          in South Carolina: Implementing Nelson v. Concrete Supply Co.,              
          43 S.C. L. Rev. 273, 314 (1992)).2  Punitive damages serve under            
          South Carolina law to punish the defendant and to deter                     
          unacceptable behavior.  See Gamble v. Stevenson, 406 S.E.2d 350,            
          354 (S.C. 1991); Macmurphy v. South Carolina, 367 S.E.2d 150, 151           
          (S.C. 1988); Laird v. Nationwide Ins. Co., supra at 210; Bowers             
          v. Charleston & W. C. Ry., supra; see also Gilbert v. Duke Power            
          Co., 179 S.E.2d 720, 723 (S.C. 1971) (citing Davenport v.                   
          Woodside Cotton Mills Co., 80 S.E.2d 740 (1954) (punitive damages           
          serve to punish a wrongdoer when the plaintiff proves that the              
          wrongdoer violated the plaintiff's rights in a "wanton, willful             
          or malicious" way).  Punitive damages do not serve under South              
          Carolina law to reimburse a victim for actual damages.  See Laird           
          v. Nationwide Ins. Co., supra at 210; Bowers v. Charleston & W.             
          C. Ry., supra; cf. Kewin v. Massachusetts Mut. Life Ins. Co., 295           
          N.W.2d 50, 55 (Mich. 1980) (In Michigan, exemplary damages are              
          recoverable as compensation to the plaintiff, not as punishment             
          of the defendant); Doroszka v. Lavine, 150 A. 692, 692-693 (Conn.           
          1930)("in this state the purpose [of punitive damages] is not to            




          2 We are mindful that we are bound only by the                              
          decisions of the South Carolina Supreme Court in                            
          construing the law of that State.  See Commissioner v.                      
          Estate of Bosch, 387 U.S. 456, 465 (1967).  The                             
          opinion in Clark v. Cantrell, 504 S.E.2d 605 (S.C. Ct. App.                 
          1998), is helpful to our understanding of South Carolina law as             
          construed by the South Carolina Supreme Court.                              


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