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a piston snap ring, a connecting rod, and a basket or fork rod
assemblies. With the exception of pistons, rings, and fuel
injectors, the items comprising a power pack are reused by
petitioners to the extent possible. For example, cylinder heads,
piston pins, piston carriers, connecting rods, and cylinder
liners are reused where possible in connection with the
procedures. Sometimes, parts other than pistons, rings, and fuel
injectors may need work performed in order to keep them within
acceptable operating tolerances.
Pistons and rings, which consist of cast metal pieces
weighing approximately 40 pounds, are ordinarily replaced with
new pistons and rings, at a cost of materials of about $300 per
piston during the years in issue. For economic and safety
reasons, petitioners do not reuse or attempt to recondition worn
pistons as part of these procedures.
Cylinder liners are reused once by petitioners, but normally
are not reused a second time due to wear caused by the friction
between a piston and the interior surface of the cylinder liner.
After an initial use, cylinder liners are cleaned, visually
inspected for damage, and checked for acceptable dimensional
tolerances at various measurement points along the inside of the
liner. If a cylinder liner is not damaged and is qualified for
further use, it is honed and cleaned for reuse. The cost of
inspecting a used liner to determine whether it is within
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Last modified: May 25, 2011